Find a materials property plot of elastic modulus and density.

Identify a composite, a polymer, and a metal with densities less than 3000 kg/m³ (Mg = 10⁶ g) and the highest possible elastic modulus. Provide an example of an engineering design that might require this combination of material properties and explain why those properties would be important. What design advantages could a polymer offer over a metal even though the polymer has a lower stiffness?

A paper on the ‘Hyperloop Alpha’ concept for a high speed transportation system was published in 2013. Since then, there has been a lot of hype, time, and money directed toward the concept. Your task this week is to evaluate the hyperloop concept purely from a 2D particle kinetics point of view.

For this assignment, the important specifications from the paper are as follows:

Urban cruise speed: 300 mph (480 kph)

Inter-city cruise speed: 760 mph (1,220 kph)

Axial Acceleration (along direction of travel): 1 g

Lateral Acceleration (normal to direction of travel): 0.5 g

Capsule weight (incl. passengers): 57,000 lb (26,000 kg)

Pylon support spacing: 100’ (30 m)

3. At a minimum, any motion path must be continuous in position, velocity, and acceleration to avoid impacts. Suppose the path deviates from the theoretical line by a distance h, due to a relative displacement of one pylon with respect to its neighbors. If we assume a polynomial path along these two pylon spacings, for a total distance of 2L, the lowest-acceleration shape that meets these end-conditions is given by the function:

y(x) = 64h((x/2L)^3-3(x/2L)^4+3(x/2L)^5-(x/2L)^6)

c. Assuming that the velocity in the nominal motion direction ( ˙x) is constant, so that v = ˙xˆI + ˙yJˆ, and assuming that y˙ ≪ v, so that y/v ˙ ≈ 0, determine an expression for the tangential velocity, the tangential acceleration, and the normal acceleration of the capsule as a function of the amount of deviation (h), the pylon spacing (L), and the nominal velocity ˙x.

d. At what position x does the peak value of the normal acceleration, an occur?

e. At the location of peak normal acceleration, you determined in part ‘d’, determine an expression for the radius of curvature ρ of the motion of the capsule as a function of the amount of deviation (h) of the pylon.

g. Could you allow the same h in a curved section of track? Why or why not?

h. Does this level of precision in straightness sound plausible? Based on the values you calculated, would you expect there to be any significant impact on the cost?

A mass of 5kg of saturated water vapor at 150 kpa is heated at a constant pressure until the temperature reaches 200 C. Calculate the work done by the steam during this process?

(THERMODYNAMICS) A vertical cylinder fitted with a frictionless piston contains 1.5 kg of H2O initially at 100 °C, 400 kPa.  If the volume of the system reaches 0.5 m3, the piston hits a set of stops and is restrained from further upward travel. The system is heated to 200 C. (Use saturated water tables, steam tables, and superheated tables as necessary)

a)   If the piston reaches the stops, determine the temperature and pressure when the piston first touches but exerts no force on the stops.  If the piston doesn’t reach the stops, find the final volume.  Clearly show how you determined whether or not the piston reaches the stops.

b)   Calculate the heat and work for the entire process.

c)   Show the entire process on a T-v and P-v diagram including the saturation curve.

1) In accordance with the first law of thermodynamics, an 1250kW single effect absorption chiller with a COP of 0.86 will require a heat source of ______ kW and a heat rejection sink of ______ kW 2) If you were to change the absorption chiller specification to a double effect absorption chiller with a COP of 1.26, the heat source requirement would change to be _____ kW and a heat rejection sink of _______ kW would be needed in order to thermally power the cycle. 3) In your own words, describe what the difference between single and double effect absorption chillers in terms of their heat source requirements. Reference should be made to difference temperature requirements and a description on an installation that would be suitable for the deployment of each. Also include a summary of some of the common problems experienced with absorption chillers. 4) You have installed a large absorption chiller that provided a chilled water output of 4152 MWh in the last 12 months. The electric chiller that this machine replaced operated at an average COP of 4.36. How much electricity (MWh) did you save in the last 12 months?

What is the difference between invention and innovation?

Entropy flows out the system in form of a heat in an internally reversible process. What happened to the entropy of the system? Explain.

1-Which pressure measuring device would you recommend to someone who needs to measure the pressure in a home gas cylinder before usage, and why?

2- Which pressure measuring device would you recommend to someone who needs to measure the pressure of a vacuum cleaner, and why?

Thermodynamics: It is not always possible or practical to measure a thermodynamic property directly. In the three following situations, select the measurements that are necessary to obtain the desired property. Use as few measurements as possible to get full credit. Justify your answers briefly.

1. You want to find the pressure inside a small tank of R134a refrigerant that you found in your lab. Assume the tank is entirely filled with refrigerant in liquid and vapor states. The system is at equilibrium. To this end you need to measure:

(a) Temperature inside the tank

(b) Total volume of refrigerant in the tank,

(c) Volume of liquid inside the bottle,

(d) Mass of liquid inside the tank.

2. You want to find the specific volume of an air-fuel mixture (modeled as air in a gaseous state) entering a gas turbine. To this end you need to measure:

(a) Temperature of the air-fuel mixture,

(b) Pressure of the air-fuel mixture,

(c) Mass flow rate of the air-fuel mixture,

(d) Speed of the air-fuel mixture.

3. Consider ice and liquid water in a glass sitting on your kitchen counter. You want to find the water level in the glass at the instant when the last piece of ice melts. The geometry of the glass is known. To this end you need to measure:

(a) Pressure in the kitchen,

(b) Temperature in the kitchen,

(c) Mass of ice,

(d) Mass of water (liquid and ice

stress= 2659.588351 psi , force = 522.209 psi/in^2 , area= 0.1963 in^2 , accuracy of load cell = 0.005 in , accuracy of calliper = 0.001 in ,

•What is the uncertainty in this stress calculation?

Determine which tool (load-cell or calipers) most affects stress calculation

*Could you please show all steps because i am going to do it in Excle

Thanks in advance

A man sits in a boat, which is floating on the surface of a pond. He takes a rock from inside of the boat and throws it overboard into the pond, determine whether the level of the pond would rise, fall or remain unchanged? Support your answer with calculations

calculate the distance d from the center of the earth at which a particle experiences equal attractions from the earth and from the moon. The particle is restricted to the line through the centers of the earth and the moon. Justify the two solutions physically.

A sensor outputs a voltage in the range of ±3mV. Your A/D samples at 1000 Hz, has an input range of ±10V, and has a 12-bit resolution. Design an active filter to amplify the sensor signal to fit at least 75% of the range of the A/D and filter anything above the Nyquist frequency. Justify your assumptions and show your work.

Two materials, one with ε1 = 0.9 and the other with ε2 = 0.2 are available to use as filaments (light sources) for an incandescent lamp. Material 1 can be maintained at 2800 K, whereas material 2 can be maintained at 3000 K. Calculate the rate at which radiant energy is emitted per unit surface area (Watts/m2 ) from each of the two materials in the spectrum 0.4µm < λ< 0.8µm. Which material emits energy at the highest rate in this spectrum (assuming same surface area for both materials)?