Question

In this module we have learned that the innate or non-specific immune response provides the body's first and second lines of defense against invading pathogens. This part of the immune system is not damaged in AIDS. It might be helpful to educate AIDS patients on the innate immune system to help them understand what is going on in their bodies, and how to make the most of it. or this discussion, choose one example of innate immunity to focus on. Choose one aspect that was particularly interesting to you. Do some online research to find out a little more about it. Here is a list of examples, but you can think of other ones as well.

1) Tell us how an AIDS patient can work with his/her non-specific pathways to help them work to their optimal capacity. For example, how can he/she work WITH his non-specific inflammatory response to get optimal benefit?

Answer 1

One of the most dangerous and widely spread syndromes is known as

Human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome or HIV/AIDS. It is is a combination of conditions due to HIV (human immunodeficiency virus).

There are 3 main stages in HIV/AIDS:

Stage1: Acute infection

When an individual is infected with the virus. after four weeks later acute infection occurs. the virus started to multiply by attacking the cells(CD4).

It may cause flu-like symptoms(including fever, headache and rashes).

Stage2: Clinical latency

After initial symptoms, the stage occurs is known as clinical latency. In absence of treatment, it may remain from 3 years to 20 years(avg around 8 years.

symptoms: weight loss, fever, pain in muscles lymph nodes development.

Stage 3:AIDS:

In this stage, CD4 TCell count becomes lower than 200 cells/ µL.  

There is the bidirectional connection between HIV infection and psychosocial factors because it can affect the progression of desires and influence the further treatment process. psychoneuroimmunology and psychosocial research are helpful to support caregiving and coping.

Hence, Biopsychosocial factors play an important role in the progression of AIDS.

Inflammatory responses are described in the given sentences.

1. when invading pathogens enters the body and trigger the inflammatory response, chemical alarms such as histamine and prostaglandins are released.

2. These chemicals cause blood vessels to dilate, which increase blood flow and permeability of capillary.

3. Increased blood flow causes swelling and promotes the migration of phagocyte to the site of infection.

4. phagocytes accumulate, with neutrophils arriving first.

5. The second phagocytes arrive are the macrophage, which engulfs pathogens and remains of dead cells.

Hence, he/she can work with his non-specific inflammatory response to get the optimal benefit because by doing so he can tackle with the AIDS more effectively.