Which statements are true about the innate immune response (select all that apply)?please explain a. Innate...

Which statements are true about the innate immune response (select all that apply)?please explain a. Innate immune response helps initiate adaptive immune response b. Bacterial exotoxins are generally dealt with by the innate immune response c. The innate immune system has receptors that specifically recognizes bacterial endotoxins d. The innate immune response possesses immunological memory that enables it to respond more robustly to a secondary infection e. Innate immune receptors are created by somatic gene rearrangements.

Solutions

Expert Solution

The right options are :-

Option (a) Innate immunity response helps initiate adaptive immune response.

Option (c) The Innate immunity has receptors that specifically recognizes bacterial endotoxins.

Explanation :-

Innate immunity helps in initiating adaptive immune response through the process of Antigen presentation to adaptive immune cells. Professional antigen presenting cells like Macrophages present antigens on their surface via MHC complex and this can activate the T and B cells which antigen is detected.

Innate immunity is also involved in the recognition of Bacterial endotoxins, which are also known as Lipopolysaccharides. Cells like Dentritic cells, Macrophages and monocytes have CD14, MD2 and TLR4 receptors which bind to and recognize the Endotoxins.

Meanwhile Innate immunity doesn't make memory cells and thus there's no robust response on the second exposure with the same antigen. Every time a same antigen enters a body, Innate immunity's response will be the same. Memory cell formation is a feature of adaptive immunity.

Somatic gene rearrangement is also a feature of Adaptive immune cells as B cell receptors and T cell receptors are formed by VDJ recombination. That's why immune cells from adaptive immunity are very specific and much more powerful in their actions and also due the rearrangement of genres, it is possible for human genome to make more than a billion types of different receptors.

Exotoxins are very powerful and strong toxins, that's why they are dealt by antibodies which are part of Adaptive immunity, not of Innate immunity cells.

gladiator answered 1 year ago

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