Question

4- Describe the following research method Descriptive

Answer 1

Answer is as follows

From the word Descriptive we mean that describing something in detail and as of being research method it is to characterise of the population or phenomenon that is being studied.The detail that is to be researched is in the 'why' form not in 'what' .It means to say question is not just 'what is this ',but 'why it is'. or how it comes to be. Analytical research is done in this method to describe ,define and identify the situation.Three main purposes of descriptive studies can be explained as describing, explaining and validating research findings.For example - A survey demanding the population regarding the quantity of students studying in schoools to check the literate level of the country. The whole detail can be collected by visiting schools and homes .Even the detailed information of their parent's qualification is also to be taken. It obtained quality based survey questionaire to get the needed information from the respondent.

Here, in this example data is collected to interpret the whole information with a resonable kind of demo and on the spot information.So REsearch needs 'why ' or resonable kind of details in method in descriptive form.Following are some of the charactersitics of Descriptive Research-

• Quantiative Research-Why or HOw informaton can be research .
• Uncontrolled Variables-No kind of variable is influenced in any way.
• Cross-sectional study- Different sections belonging to the same group is studied.
• Basis for future Research- Data can be further used in future to Research more on it.

There are 3 distinctive methods to conduct descriptive research. They are

1. :Observational method- In this results of quantitative observation are derived using statistical and numerical analysis methods .It is both qualitative and quantitative.
2. Survey Method- In this,Surveys or questionnaires, or polls are fomed to get the respondant's result.A balanced mix of open or close ended questions are set to collect the data.
3. Case -Study- In this ,a depth or detailed study is conducted of the individual or groups .In this step by step detail is collected by hypothesize the situation and give it a wider look .

So in this way the descriptive Research can be done .It has both pros and cons. some of them are discussed below-

Advantages-1 .Data is collected by using obsrvtional,survey or case study method.

2.High quality or honest data is collected by conducting it in a natural environment.

3.It is cheap and easy kind of method to conduct.

4.Reason or decision making data can be collected.

Disadvantages

1.Personal bias towards the reseach topic or respondent can hinder the research technique and make it untrue and unvalid.

2.It is quite time comsuming method.

3.As the whole focus is on what rather than why or how,it leave no space to learn about the cause.

To sum up,The descriptive method is most effective method to get detailed knowledge to find the respective answer to the question of main phenomenon.