In: Chemistry
Ethanol is produced commercially by the hydration of ethylene:
C2H4+H2O-->C2H5OH
Some of the product is converted to diethyl ether in side reaction
2C2H5OH-->(C2H5)2O+H2O
The feed to the reactor contains ethylene,steam,and an inert gas. A sample of the reactor effluent gas is analyzed and found to contain 43.3 mole% ethylene, 2.5% ethanol, 0.14% ether, 9.3% inerts, and the balance water.
a. Take as a basis 100 mol of effluent gas, draw and label a flowchart, and do a degree-of-freedom analysis based on atomic species to prove that the system has zero degrees of freedom?
b. Calculate the molar composition of the reactor feed, the percentage conversion of ethylene, the fractional yield of ethanol, and the selectivity of ethnaol production relative to ether production?
Step1: Formula:
C2H4+H2O------------->C2H5OH
some products make: 2C2H5OH------------>(C2H5)O(C2H5) +H2O
A. Degreeof freedom analysis basic on anatomic species:
B:molar composition of the reactor feed:
Step 1: Know data:
43.3 moles % etilene, 2.5% ethanol, 0.14% ether, 9.3% inerts
Etilene: 1.18Kg/mL, ethanol= 789kg/mL, etilic ether= 713kg/mL
Density= 1.18x10-3g/mL, ethanol= 0.789g/mL, etilic ether= 0.713g/mL
PM=Etilene: 28.05g/mol, ethanol= 46.06g/mol, etilic ether= 74.12 g/mol
M=mol solute/L solvent
(etilene) 1.18x10-3g etilene/mL1g/1000mL=
1.18g etilene*43.3%solute /100%solvente=0.51094g etilene
mol etilene= 0.51094g/28.05g/mol=0.018mol etilene M etilene= 0.018mol/1=0.018M
Ethanol=0.789g/mL1g/1000mL=789g
ethanol*2.5%solute/100%solvente=19.725g ethanol
mol eti=19.725g etilene/46.06/mol=0.70mol ethanol M0.70 mol ethanol/1L= 0.428 M ethanol
ether= 0.713g/mL1g/1000mL=713g
ether*0.14%solute/100%solvent=0.9982g
mol ether: 0.9982g/74.12g/mol= 0.0134mol ether M=0.0134mol/L=0.013M
Note: if the problem dont say volume. we can say that is 1 L