Question

Define cis-acting elements and trans-acting factors. How do they interact in a eukaryotic cell?

Answer 1

The transcription initiation complex is composed by the two components; promoter sequence and DNA binding material known as the cis acting elements and trans acting factors. The cis acting elements is required for gene expression, which are several genes that are transcribed coordinately. Considering   the photosynthetic protein family which are expressed in the same time but they have the sequence to control and coordinate regulation. These regulating elements are the class of cis acting elements.

The trans- acting factor is the protein that binds with the cis acting sequences which control the gene expression. They can recognize the target sequences in the DNA and can also interact with other transcription factors. The trans acting factors control the gene expression in many ways.

In a cell the gene expression is a complex process which have many steps. The fundamental elements that controls the process of transcription are; cis acting elements, trans acting elements, DNA-protein interaction, protein-protein interaction, RNA polymerase.