Question

Experimental research, designed to capture cause-and-effect relation- ships by eliminating competing explanations of the findings: What do we mean by case and effect?

Answer 1

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Meaning of cause and effect in experimental research is as follows:

It means one activity has an impact on any other activity. Activity that was performed earlier and who will impact on another will be regarded as the cause, and the activity which was eventually happened would be regarded as an effect.

We can include dependent and independent variables to understand this. Independent variables are those variables that are not dependent on any other variable, and dependent variables are those variables that are dependent on independent variables or any other variables. If we understand the cause and effect relationship in this format, then the independent variable would be the cause, and the dependent variable would be the effect.

For example: let us construct a null hypothesis that sales are not dependent upon advertisement. If we take two variables in a hypothesis- sales and advertisement, then here, if we assume that advertisement is the independent variable and sales is the dependent variable, which is dependent on the advertisement.

So, as per our assumption of the experiment, the level of sales would be dependent on the level of advertisement. So here in this experiment, the cause is advertisement and effect is sales.

As a result, this null hypothesis is rejected because sales are dependent upon advertisement, thus proving cause and effect relationships.