Question

Will cell death be required for planarian regeneration by remodeling preexisting structures? We can study this by involving apoptosis inhibition in vivo.

Answer 1

Q.Will cell death be required for planarian regeneration by remodeling preexisting structures? We can study this by involving apoptosis inhibition in vivo.

Answer: Mechanisms of regeneration has over looked the focus on the stem cells, this gives rise to newer tissues which is essential for the replacement of lacking body parts.

The apoptosis of differentiated cells accompanies the divison of stem cells during the regeneration process in the planarian named Schmidtea mediterranea.

Cell death effect can be induced in unharmed body parts which occurs in absence of a planarian stem cell and may also be triggered by consistent starvation.

Considering together one can conclude an implicate apoptosis in the restoration of maintaining an anatomical scale and proportion through remodeling of existing tissues.

Also an initial mechanism of apoptosis in planarians, reveals that a S. mediterranea homolog of an antiapoptotic gene BCL2 is necessary for the survival of cell in adult animals.

Henceforth, apoptosis is a central mechanism efficient in union with the stem cell division for the restoration of anatomical form and function during the regeneration of a metazoan.

A whole-mount TUNEL assay is useful and enbled for documentation of two severe rise in the rate of apoptosis following the amputation i.e. an intial localized response near the wound site and a subsequent systemic response which diffrs in magnitude depending on the kind of fragment that is examined.

The freshwater planarian S.mediterranea has come up as an immense and effective model microorganism for studying purpose of stem cell functions in tissue repair and its renewal.

Planarians turn over most of their somatic tissues all through their life and have the capability to regenerate wholesome individuals from small body fragments.

In response to amputation, neoblasts in stem cells increase their rate of division and move away to the wound site where there is new rise of a mass of new tissue such as the blastema. Cells in the blastema thereafter differentiates over a duration of days to replace body structures that they lack in.

Aspect of regeneration inclusive of the remodeling of preexisting tissues. This phenomenon can restore the anatomical scale and proportion which allows for the integration of old and new tissues.

In planarians, a similar remodeling process also happens when animals are starved for over a duration of months, causing ‘degrowth’.

A TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling) assay permits the to visualize and quantify apoptotic cells in the whole-mounted planarians.

This assay present the spatial and temporal changes in apoptosis are essential features of tissue remodeling after the injury and in response to long term starvation.

The planarian cell death is controlled by a homolog of BCL2, which is evolutionarily conserving an antiapoptotic gene which inhibits caspase activation and also the physical dismantling of cells which die in the animals that range from C.elegans to humans.

Thus, deletion of differentiated cells through apoptosis functions in union with the stem cell division to regulate and maintain the scale and proportion of adult tissues during regeneration.