Question

what is criterion validity and how does it diffre from the face validity? Use an example to discuss.

Answer 1

• Criterion validity (or criterion-related validity) measures how well one measure predicts an outcome for another measure. A test has this type of validity if it is useful for predicting performance or behavior in another situation (past, present, or future).
• For example:A job applicant takes a performance test during the interview process. If this test accurately predicts how well the employee will perform on the job, the test is said to have criterion validity.
• Types of Criterion Validity:-
• Predictive Validity: if the test accurately predicts what it is supposed to predict. For example, the SAT exhibits predictive validity for performance in college. It can also refer to when scores from the predictor measure are taken first and then the criterion data is collected later.
• Concurrent Validity: when the predictor and criterion data are collected at the same time. It can also refer to when a test replaces another test (i.e. because it’s cheaper). For example, a written driver’s test replaces an in-person test with an instructor.
• Postdictive validity: if the test is a valid measure of something that happened before. For example, does a test for adult memories of childhood events work?
• Face validity, is a measure of how representative a research project is 'at face value,' and whether it appears to be a good project.It is built upon the principle of reading through the plans and assessing the viability of the research, with little objective measurement.
• For example,Every time you conduct a literature review, and sift through past research papers, you apply the principle of face validity.
• This is probably the weakest way to try to demonstrate construct validity. For instance, you might look at a measure of math ability, read through the questions, and decide that yep, it seems like this is a good measure of math ability (i.e., the label "math ability" seems appropriate for this measure).