Question

Describe the difference between a manic state and depressed state. What nursing interventions/ Therapeutic communications can the nurse utilize?

Answer 1

Difference between a manic state and depressed state

Manic state	Depressed state
it is associated with elevated,expansive or irritable mood.	it is associated with sadness of mood,loss of interest and pleasures in almost all activities.
Increased psychomotor activity with over activeness and restlessness.	Decreased psychomotor activity characterized by slowed thinking and activity,decreased energy and monotonous voice.
Manic excitement is a feature of Mania, where the person is' on -the -toe -on- the- go'(involved in ceaseless activity)	In severe depression patient will go into depressive stupor state.
Mood changes vary from euphoria,elation,exaltation to ectasy.	Mood changes varies form hopelessness,helplessness or worthlessness .(pervasive sadness or persistent sadness).
speech activities reflects over talkativeness,loud voice talk,frequent topic shift on talk .	Speech is usually less.talk with less volume.Not talking in groups.slow speaking ,small answers for questions.
psychotic features include delusion(delusion of grandeur),hallucinations(visual and auditory) and distractibility.	psychotic features include Anxiety,delusions(nihilistic delusions,delusion of guilt,delusions of poverty and stupor and delusion of control) hallucinations and stupor.
Irritability and hyperactivity is a typical feature	Risk of suicide is common with depressive patients.

Nursing interventions/Therapeutic communications

• Perform mental health assessment.
• Assess the risk of suicide and implement suicide prevention measures.
• Assess the sleep pattern.
• Encourage clients to express feelings (anger, sadness, guilt) and come up with alternative ways to handle feelings of anger and frustration.
• Involve family members in the care Continuum.
• Involve the client in group activities (e.g.., group discussions, art therapy, dance therapy).
• Refer the client and family to self-help groups in the community.
• Administer antidepressants ,Antipsychotics or mood stabilizers as prescribed.