Question

In: Psychology

Fill in the blank/Vocab This occurs when people or animals learn to "give up" when they...

Fill in the blank/Vocab

  1. This occurs when people or animals learn to "give up" when they are never rewarded or successful.

  2. This is the term for the specialization of the hemispheres of the cerebral cortex.

  3. Becoming anxious when smelling an odor you have learned to associate with a traumatic experience is an example of what kind of learning?

  4. If grounding a child for misbehaving stops the bad behavior, the grounding could be considered a:

  5. After watching the movie Jaws, in which scary music is paired with shark attacks, you may find yourself tensing when hearing the music by itself; the music is now a ____________________________

Solutions

Expert Solution

1. Extinction. This occurs when an operant behavior no longer occurs due to the removal of the reinforcer. The organism learns that producing the behavior would not longer be reinforcing.

2. Lateralization refers to the specialization of the hemispheres of the cerebral cortex. It refers to the fact that certain functions are specialized in the right hemisphere and certain in the left hemisphere.

3. This is an example of classical conditioning. Here, the traumatic experience was an unconditioned stimulus and anxiety an unconditioned response. Initially, the odor was a neutral stimulus. However, after its association with the trauma, it became a conditioned stimulus eliciting a conditioned response of anxiety.

4. The grounding could be considered as positive punishment. Positive punishment aims to reduce the frequency of a behavior by producing an undesirable consequence every time a behavior occurs.


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