Question

1. How would polyploidy and genome size affect the amount of DNA that can be extracted from an organism?

2. What was the purpose of using the a) detergent and b) alcohol to extract DNA?

Answer 1

1)Polyploidy is a condition characterized by the presence of more than 2 set of homologous chromosome.

Humans are normally diploid , polyploidy are commonly shown by plants.

if the set of chromosome is 3,then it is Triploid and if it is 4 ,it is called Tetraploid.

polyploidy can occur due to any error in the mitosis process or any error in the metaphase of meiosis.

polyploidy can result in the increase in the chromosome number in a cell ,it will increase the number of DNA content in the cell.

So polyploidy and increase genetic size increases the DNA extraction process.

2)

Detergent is used in teh cell lysis step of DNA extraction because detergent can remove fat substances easily so it removes the cell membrane and nuclear membrane .it will result in the exposure of the DNA material from the cell.

Alcohol is used for DNA extraction in the DNA precipitation step.

DNA is insoluble in alcohol and it will precipitate as white mass in the presence of Alcohol.it can be used for other purpose.

DNA present in the ruptured cell is not suitable for DNA studying ,it should be in insoluble form.This is doen by Alcohol