simply supported T-beam of 6 m clear span carries an ultimate load of 38 kN/m. The beam section dimensions, support particulars and tension reinforcement are shown in Figure Q1.

Design the shear reinforcement for the beam.

Data Given:

The characteristic strength of the concrete is             25 N/mm2.

The characteristic strength of steel reinforcement is         460N/mm2.

The characteristic strength of shear reinforcement is         250N/mm2.

Nominal maximum aggregate size (hagg) is             20 mm

Diameter of shear links is                         8 mm

Exposure condition is                         mild

Minimum required fire resistance is     1.0 hour

1.What is the relationship between form and structure in the Empire State Building?

2. What is the relationship between form and structure in the John Hancock Center?

A −2.60% grade meets a +1.95% grade at station 44+25 and elevation 3386.96 ft, 315-ft curve, stakeout at half stations.

Part A

Tabulate station elevations for an equal-tangent parabolic curve for the data given above.

Express your answers, separated by commas, to six significant figures from lowest to highest elevation.

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A vertical curve is designed for 55 mi/h and has an initial grade of +2.5% and a final grade of −1.0%. The PVT is at station 114 + 50. It is known that a point on the curve at station 112 + 35 is at elevation 245 ft. What is the stationing and elevation of the PVC? What is the stationing and elevation of the high point on the curve?

1. Describe different mode of climate variability, e.g., El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and their role in changing the magnitude and frequency of natural hazards such as drought and floods.

1. Describe steps for conducting the assessment of the following natural hazard (25)
   1. Risk Assessment of Flood hazard (e.g., FEMA, USACE)
   2. Risk assessment from Climate change hazard
   3. Risk assessment from drought hazard

The results of two drained traxial tests on a saturated clay follows Specimen I ?3 = 115 kN/m² , (Δ?? )? = 230 kN/m² Specimen II ?3 = 220 kN/m² , (Δ?? )? = 410 kN/m² Determine the shear strength parameters.

1) What is an important aspect of ethics that will keep you out of “The Gray Zone”?

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Question 2 (5 points)

2) Who are project stakeholders?

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Question 3 (5 points)

3) OSHA stands for______?

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Question 4 (5 points)

4) Which of the following would NOT be considered a Direct Cost?

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Question 5 (5 points)

5) Which form of company ownership includes two or more owners whose personal assets are at risk?

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Question 6 (5 points)

6) Which one is not considered a form of ADR?

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Question 7 (5 points)

7) Arbitration is Legally binding and is typically included with the contract documents?

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Question 8 (5 points)

8) What is considered the stage in the progress of the Work when the Work or designated portion thereof is sufficiently complete in accordance with the Contract Documents so that the Owner can occupy or utilize the Work for its intended use

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Question 9 (5 points)

9) What are the primary purposes of OSHA?

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Question 10 (5 points)

10) The ________ the Experience Modification Rate (EMR) of your business, the ________ your worker compensation insurance premiums will be.

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Question 11 (5 points)

11) What might contingency be used for?

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Question 12 (5 points)

12) Which of the following reason for defects can a Contractor trypically not Control?

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Question 13 (5 points)

13) What type of contract does the owner control contingency?

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Question 14 (5 points)

14) What is construction quality?

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Question 15 (5 points)

15) Which form of dispute resolutions does not allow an appeal process?

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Question 16 (5 points)

16) What is included in a Gannt Chart?

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Question 17 (5 points)

17) Right-to-work state prohibit unions from organizing?

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Question 18 (5 points)

18) Which of the following is considered a soft skill?

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Question 19 (5 points)

19) Who is a safety officer on a project site?

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Question 20 (5 points)

20) What plan is not part of the key elements for Site Logistics?

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Question 21 (5 points)

21) Labor unions use collective bargaining for what?

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Question 22 (5 points)

22) Do Heavy Civil contract documents typically use the CSI division format?

Question 22 options:

1. How is attempt defined?

2. How far must it go towards completion to constitute a crime?

Describe the five different techniques demonstrated.

Background

Non-Destructive Testing During the design process great care must be taken to match the design to the application. This process involves, among others, material selection, material processing, and service condition analysis. As we have found through the material outlined in the text a great number of decisions have to be made during the design process to insure that the product meets all of the needs of the application. Once a product is produced we must evaluate its quality to determineio9 if the design is successful. Destructive testing will give us some information about component properties, but requires the loss of the product. Some types of destructive testing can also be impractical for large components. In some instances only a small number of components are actually produced and destruction of any of the parts may be too costly. Nondestructive techniques are used to evaluate the quality of components without the sacrifice of the part. These methods can be used together with fracture toughness information to evaluate whether flaws will cause crack propagation or can be used to monitor the growth of cracks that could result in fatigue failure. The simplest nondestructive test method, abbreviated NDT, is a visual inspection. Often this visual inspection can reveal cracks or other flaws such as in welds or castings or other production problems.

Many quality problems at the surface may be invisible to the naked eye or may exist hidden in the interior of the component. For these hidden or microscopic flaws other techniques are used.

These techniques include:

Magnetic-Particle inspection               Inductive (eddy current) inspection

Fluorescent-Penetrant inspection         Radiographic inspection

Dye Penetrant inspection                     Acoustic-Emission inspection

Ultrasonic inspection

A 240 hp (power-shift) dozer is used in a pushing operation. The dozer is equipped with a straight blade. The material (dry and noncohesive) weighs 98 pcf in the bank state. It is estimated the material will swell 6%, from bank to loose state. The center-of mass-to-center-of-mass pushing distance is 200 ft. Job efficiency can be assumed to be equivalent to a 45-min hour. Calculate the production in bey per hour and the direct cost of the proposed earthmoving operation in dollars per bey. The company's normal O&O cost for these machines is $95 per hour and the operator's wage is $15.00 per hour plus 40% for fringes, insurance, and worker's compensation.

Give design criteria or basis for designing a foundation project

A highway contractor has opened a cut in fine silty sand (SM). Because of the cut location and lack of drainage, surface water has drained into the cut, leaving the material very wet. Rubber-tired scrapers are hauling material from the cut to an adjacent fill. The material is being placed in the fill in 20 to 25cm lifts and compacted by heavy sheep foot roller towed by a crawler tractor. It is apparent that the specified compaction (95% of standard AASHTO density) is not being attained. The sheep foot roller not “walking out and scraper tires are causing the compaction problem? What would you suggest to the constructor to improve the compaction process? Ideally, concrete should be poured at temperatures between 16°C and 38°C.