Question

Define ergonomics. Discuss the role of ergonomics in job design. Give at least three (3) existing ergonomics design. Explain how these designs help workers to be more productive

Answer 1

Ergonomics is the application of human biological science in conjunction with engineering science to the worker and his working environment so as to obtain maximum satisfaction for the worker which at the same time enhances productivity.

The areas of application in industries are stated below:

1) Design of machines, equipment, plants, and factories.

2) Design of furniture, seats, tables, and auditorium.

3) Design of working conditions and environment.

4) Measurement of human workload and capacities of work.

5) Biomedical and biotechnology. Study of psychological environment.

6) Human resource planning and management.

Ergonomics plays a:n important role in the following areas of manufacturing

1) Product design and development.

2) Material selection, purchase, storage, and value addition.

3) Efficient and effective design of methods and procedures.

4) Factory layout and workplace design.

5) Quality inspection and control.

6) Warehousing and distribution.

7) Performance measures and tests.

Keyboard and mice position

While often ergonomic afterthoughts, the proper keyboard, and mouse configuration are just as important as posture when it comes to neutral body positioning. If individuals are reaching for the mouse at a bad angle or have to violate the inline parallel rule for elbows and wrists, they are going to lose neutral positioning. Reaching for input devices can lead to excessive fatigue, and after lengthy exposure, injury. Using a computer mouse that is ergonomically designed and matches the anthropometry of the user, it may be possible to reduce the biomechanical loads placed on the joints of the upper extremity, thereby reducing the instance of musculoskeletal injury.

Adjustable chairs and desks

There’s more to determining the right desk height than just taking comfort into consideration. An ergonomic seating option can help employees minimize injuries, avoid distractions, and be more productive in the workplace. Here are some of the key benefits of ergonomics in the workplace associated with using the proper desk height for workers:

• Lowers the risk (and associated business costs) of musculoskeletal disorders
• Reduces sick leave by minimizing injuries
• Reduces user stress
• Helps workers stay focused
• Improves productivity
• Increases workplace engagement.

Proper display height and distance

Monitors and other display devices should be placed at eye level with the individual using them. Viewing a display should not require straining of the neck nor squinting of the eyes. Ergonomics dictates that individuals not be required to turn their neck to the left, right, up, or down to view a display. This principle applies to individuals with the conventional single monitor and power users employing multiple displays as well.