Question

7. There are millions of enzymes which play important role in various biological

processes in the body and outside. There are many commercial applications of enzymes

as they are used in detergents and also meat tenderizing etc... Given below are five

reactions catalyzed by enzymes.

Based on the reactions ‘a’ to ‘e’ identify and define the class of the enzyme and write the

general equation of that class

a. Glutamate is subjected to dehydrogenation in the presence of NAD to give α ketoglutarate

and NADH + H +.

b. The D optical from of Glucose is converted to L Form of glucose

c. Malate is converted to fumarate by the removal of water. Water is formed on the product

side

d. A water molecule is added to triglyceride, which is converted to fatty acid and glycerol

e. A molecule of phosphate is added to glucose in the presence of ATP to form Glucose-6-P

Answer 1

Answer: Enzymes are defined as proteins that act as a biocatalyst and accelerate rate of a chemical reaction.

There six classes of enzymes:

1. Oxidoreductase; 2. Transferases; 3. Hydrolases; 4. Lyases; 5. Isomerase; 6. Ligase

The below table show the reactions and class of enzymes with general equations:

Reaction	Enzyme	Class of enzyme	General reaction
a. Glutamate is subjected to dehydrogenation in the presence of NAD to give α ketoglutarate and NADH + H +.	Glutamate dehydrogenase	Class: Oxidoreductases As the reaction involves loss of hydrogen from glutamate and use of NAD as an electron acceptor, the class of enzyme that catalyze this reaction belongs to the Oxidoreductase.	A(reduced) + B (oxidized) A (oxidized) + B(reduced)
b. The D optical from of Glucose is converted to L Form of glucose	Glucose isomerase	Class: Isomerases As the reaction involves arrangement of atoms within the glucose atoms, the enzyme that catalyze this type of reactions belongs to the class Isomerases.	A-B              A-B X Y              Y X
c. Malate is converted to fumarate by the removal of water. Water is formed on the product side	Fumarase	Class: Lyases The reaction involves dehydration reaction and formation of double bond in the Fumarate. The enzyme that catalyze this type of reaction belongs to the class Lyases	A(X-H)-B A-X + B-H
d. A water molecule is added to triglyceride, which is converted to fatty acid and glycerol	Triacylglycerol lipase	Class: Hydrolases The reaction involves hydrolysis of triacylglycerol to fatty acid and glycerol. The enzyme that catalyze this type of reaction belongs to the class Hydrolases.	A-B + H2O A-H + B-OH
e. A molecule of phosphate is added to glucose in the presence of ATP to form Glucose-6-P	Hexokinase or glucokinase	Class: Transferases The reaction involved transfer of phosphate group from ATP to glucose. Hence, the enzyme that catalyzes this type of reaction belongs to the class transferases.	A-B + C A + B-C