Question

Think of two leaders and talk about which theory of leadership s/he falls under and which leadership style(s) you feel s/he uses (make sure each person uses a different theory and leadership style). Define in your own words what the theory and style is about, explain your reasoning for choosing them, and provide specific examples to support your answer.

Answer 1

• Leadership is the process of influencing others to understand and agree about what needs to be done and how to do it, and the process of facilitating individual and collective efforts to accomplish shared objectives.
• Gandhi was not a born leader, but he certainly had traits of one. He was a simple man leading a simple life, but strongly believed in and practiced the values of unity, equality, truth, non-violence, justice, and honesty.He exhibited distinct characteristics, qualities and behaviours of a charismatic leader and transformational leader.
• Charismatic leaders are more likely to emerge in crisis situations.Gandhi provided the vision of Independent India, and led various movements from the front. India's social crisis provided Gandhi with the perfect stage to rise from amongst the masses and lead India to independence.
• Most importantly, his actions were highly unconventional. He fought the British using the methodology of truth, non-violence, non-cooperation and peaceful resistance, rather than using violent means. These unconventional means of protest impressed and inspired his followers, who saw him as extraordinary and charismatic.
• Gandhi's vision, inspiration, confidence and positive attitude motivated and enhanced the collective efficacy of the people, inspiring the belief that unity is critical in order to free India. This collective belief fuelled the determination of his followers to willingly put in additional effort, and persist the long, hard road to freedom.
• Gandhi was by no means an impressive leader by appearance either. Despite being old, short, and slim-built, he had the ability and charisma to appeal to the masses through his public speaking and interpersonal skills, which had a widespread effect.
• Transformational leaders possess unique charismatic behaviours that include sacrificing personal gains for the benefits of the group, setting a personal example for followers and demonstrating high ethical standards. Gandhi's leadership style clearly showcases the essence of transformational leadership.
• For example, his followers were motivated by him, trusted him, admired him, were loyal to him, and respected him. Transformational leaders also appeal to higher values like liberty, justice, peace and equality. Gandhi lived for such causes, and fought his entire life to stand by them.
• He was a role model for the masses, and won their respect and trust through his actions. He demonstrated high ethical conduct (non-violence), self-sacrifice (voluntary poverty and non-materialism), dedication and persistence in order to attain India's independence.
• Gandhi stood by his personal values, and consistently communicated his vision of independence. By openly communicating his vision, and using symbols such as the 'Salt Satyagraha' movement, he provided his followers with a sense of meaning, which in turn inspired them to remain optimistic and increase their effort.
• Hitler was polar opposite of Gandhi.His idea was that a great authoritarian leader must lead the German race in its fight for survival and purify it from harmful influences.Hitler’s eventual seizure of power led to autocratic rule. War and genocide followed as Hitler’s plans became increasingly bloodthirsty in its persecution of Germany’s ‘enemies’.
  
• Hitler’s authoritarian leadership kept him stubborn and suspicious, causing traits such as greed and self-centredness to take over.
• While Hitler had the charisma and forward-thinking abilities of a leader which he already possessed as a child, he became deeply authoritative, immoral, non-egalitarian and power-hungry once he entered politics.
• Due to time limit,any remaining questions can be asked as another question,they will be answered,thankyou for your cooperation