Question

Select all of the following processes or events that INCREASE during untreated or poorly managed diabetic ketoacidosis.

options:  

1	fatty acid oxidation, gluconeogenesis & ketogenesis in liver.
2	reliance on fatty acids & proteins as primary fuels throughout the body.
3	lipolysis & fatty acid release from adipose.
4	plasma & urine [glucose].
5	renal H+ excretion & HCO3- reabsorption as a compensation for plasma pH imbalance.
6	plasma pH.
7	respiration depth & rate as a compensation for plasma pH imbalance.
8	fluid & electrolyte loss in urine.
9	plasma & urine [ketone].
10	glucose uptake & use as a primary fuel in skeletal muscle.

Answer 1

1. True

Reason: C P T 1 is required for the movement of free fatty acid intomitochondria where fatty acid oxidation takes place. The increased fatty acid in acyl CoA and C P T 1activity in DKA leads to increased ketogenesis.

2. False

Reason: When ketone build up in the blood they make it more acidic.

3. True.

Reason: the insulin deficiency and increased glucagon and catecholamines cause excess release of fatty acids from adipose tissue.

4. True.

Reason: Plasma osmolarity usually increased in the patients with diabetic ketoacidosis.

5. False

Reason: A change in the ratio will affect the pH of the fluid, if both components change the pH may be normal but other components will not.

6. False

Reason: Because of the osmotic shift of water ,plasma sodium consecrated ions are usually or normal in DKA.

7. True

Reason:Respiratory failure in D K A has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality.

8. True

Reason: hyperglycemia in DKA causes an osmotic diuresis.

9. True

Reason: changes in plasma and urinary amino acid levels during diabetic ketoacidosis in children

10: False

Reason: insulin and exercise have been shown to activate glucose transport.