Rank methyl, primary, secondary and tertiary radicals, carbons and -carb cations, after increasing stability. Give examples.

Solutions

Expert Solution

The radicals and carbocations are electron deficient species. So; their stability increases with the number of electron donating groups attached to it. As the -CH3 group is electron donating; higher the number of it stabler will be the radical and carbocation.

On the other hand; carbanions are electron rich species. So; their stability decreases with the number of electron donating groups attached to it. As the -CH3 group is electron donating; lower the number of it stabler will be the carbanion.

Therefore the order of stability is:

Radicals : Tertiary > Secondary > Primary > Methyl

Carbocations : Tertiary > Secondary > Primary > Methyl

Carbanions : Methyl > Primary > Secondary > Tertiary

Examples:

Radicals : Tert-butyl > Iso-propyl > Ethyl > Methyl

Carbocations : Tert-butyl > Iso-propyl > Ethyl > Methyl

Carbanions : Methyl > Ethyl > Iso-propyl > Tert-butyl

Amanda K answered 1 week ago

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