According to the American Psychiatric Association (APA), the
symptoms of mild or moderate depression are similar to those of
severe depression but less intense.
A person with mild depression may experience:
- feelings of sadness
- a loss of appetite
- sleeping problems
- reduced energy levels
- difficulties concentrating.
Other common symptoms include:
- irritability and agitation
- feeling unusually tired
- feeling hopeless
- feeling guilty or worthless
- feeling unmotivated
- wanting to be left alone
- having unexplained, minor aches and pains
- losing empathy with others
- moving or talking slowly
- changes in the use of tobacco, alcohol, or drugs
- changes relating to work or study
- daytime sleepiness and fatigue
Many people with mild depression can manage these distressing
symptoms, but they may have a minor effect on their social and work
life. Mild symptoms can also occur between relapses or as warning
signs of more severe depression.
Early intervention can help prevent more serious complications
from arising.
Goals for nursing a person experiencing mild depression:
- Develop a relationship with the person based on empathy and
trust.
- Promote the person’s sense of positive self-regard.
- Promote effective coping and problem solving skills in a way
that is empowering to the person.
- Promote positive health behaviours, including medication
compliance and healthy lifestyle choices (for example diet,
exercise, not smoking, limit consumption of alcohol and other
substances).
- Promote the person’s engagement with their social and support
network.
- Ensure effective collaboration with other relevant service
providers through development of effective working relationships
and communication.
- Support and promote self care activities for families and
carers of the person with depression.
.Intervenions:
- Arrange for a review of the person’s medication for depression
and an initial or follow-up psychiatric assessment if their care
plan needs reviewing. A mental health assessment may be appropriate
to undertake
- Assess whether the person’s helplessness or hopelessness are
indicators of suicidal thinking.
- A person’s cultural background can influence the way symptoms
of mental illness are expressed or understood. It is essential to
take this into account when formulating diagnosis and care
plans.
- Encourage the person to talk about how he or she feels and
respond with respect. Do not make or agree with any negative
comments or behaviours that are self-defeating and gently challenge
the person’s negative assumptions by providing alternative
perspectives.
- Avoid statements such as ‘Things can’t be that bad’ and
‘Everything will be okay’, as the person might feel that you do not
really understand his or her problems. This may make the person
unwilling to share other feelings.
- Show empathy and support. However, avoid being overly
sympathetic, as the person may feel that you are being
condescending
- Encourage the person to carry out self-care, even though it may
be easier for a nurse to do these things.
- Encourage the person to participate in purposeful activity and
daily routine. Assure the person that the extra effort will be
worth it in the long run.
- Point out any improvements in the person’s condition (for
example, sleeping and eating patterns), as he or she may be unable
to recognise these.
- Reinforce the person’s strengths and positive attributes by
encouraging the person to value his or her achievements,
relationships and health.
- Encourage the person to increase self-esteem by being more
compassionate towards himself or herself (for example, help them to
identify small but important goals and ways of celebrating when
they are reached).
- Help the person to identify and develop a range of contacts for
support and socialisation. This may include helping the person to
write a list of friends who could be contacted when extra support
is needed or identifying interests that could be expanded upon by
joining a group of like minded people (for example, arts groups,
sports groups).
- Monitor recovery, compliance with medication and general
physical health (including nutrition, weight, blood pressure etc.).
Provide education on possible side effects to any medication (if
appropriate) and work with the person to develop appropriate
actions to address any issues.
- Provide family members and carers with information about the
illness, if appropriate, as well as reassure and validate
experiences with the person. Encourage family members and carers to
look after themselves and seek support if required.