Question

outline an interaction (direct or indirect) between adipocytes and lymphocytes, and what is the outcome of this interaction?

Answer 1

Adipose tissue is a critical organ that plays a major role in energy balance regulation and the immune response through complex signals in the body.

Immune cells in adipose tissue are found to play critical role in metabolic disorders like in obesity condition. Obesity is a condition where excess development of adipose tissue occurs in the body and leads to other metabolic diseases like hypertension, diabetes etc. While various research since last few years, it came out that metabolic inflammation is the major process which emerged out to be a link between obesity and its associated diseases. Adipose tissue play a crucial and primary site of inflammation where accumulation of different types of immune cells occurs. Adipose tissue secretes high level of pro - inflammatory cytokines and thus contribute to systemic inflammation. Lymphoid cells are invoved in both innate and adaptive immunity. Studies have shown the presence of lymphocytes in the stromal vasicular fraction ( Which is a cellular extract from fat) of the sub-cutaneous and epididymal fat region of the body. Distribution of lymphocytes depends on the Adipose tissue location and most of lymphocytes from innate immune response are found in epididymal fat mass and sub- cutaneous region consists of B and T lymphocytes from adaptive immunity.

Here, occurs a relationship between adipose tissue and immune cells like macrophages, B and T lymocytes, natural killer cells etc like in obese condition.