Question

In: Civil Engineering

a) You have recently graduated and been employed as an assistant site engineer on an open-cut...

a) You have recently graduated and been employed as an assistant site engineer on an open-cut mine. Your supervisor asks you to assist with modernising some mine operations. In particular, you are asked to investigate how modern surveying and spatial science technologies might be used to improve management of the mine.

Describe four applications of modern surveying technologies that might improve mine management. For each of these: describe the application, identify and describe the surveying and spatial sciences technology that could be used, and explain their likely advantages and disadvantages.

b) You are working with a large mining company. On site there are a number of stockpiles. Some measure approximately 30 x 30 metres and are approximately 5 metres high; several others are larger, measuring approximately 80 x 30 metres and are over 10 metres high.

Your company needs to measure the volume of the stockpiles at the end of each month. You have been asked to investigate options for measuring the stockpiles.

List and describe the surveying technologies that could be applied to this problem. For each option, indicate how it would be used, and list its likely advantages and disadvantages.

Solutions

Expert Solution

a) Four application of modern surveying techniques that can improve mine management:

  1. GPS( GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM)- GPS can be used to locate the major mining spots in the area in integration with remote sensing. This can also help in construction of shortest routes to reach the desired locations within the mine.

Disadvantage- the main disadvantage is that GPS wouldn't work in the places where sufficient number of satellites are not available.

  1. GIS and Remote Sensing- This technique can be used to find the best locations for the mining a particular type of ore. The satellite data can be used to map the hotspots for the required ore.

Disadvantage- satellite can't take clear pictures of the location all the times due to weather problems.

  1. Total stations- These are the latest field surveying equipment used for large operations such as contouring, levelling, slope measurement etc. The digital type instrument can perform lots of more operations to measure the large survey data.
  2. Satellite based image processing - Various modern sattelites can be used to take high quality thermal images of the location which can be processed further to extract lot of useful data.

b) Surveying technologies for volume measurements of stockpiles.

  1. Aerial survey- or photogrammetry technique used with callibrated cameras mounted on fixed wing plane. The photos taken at some scale can be used to measure the dimensions of the stockpiles for volume measurements.

Disadvantages- only 2 dimensional images can be obtained and overlapping errors occurs.

  1. Drone mapping- drones can be used to take photos of the stockpiles. The photos can be overlapped to get a 3 dimentional image which can be further processed using varovar softwares to find the volumes.

Disadvantages- requires lot of image processing to overlap the images and further calculation.


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