In: Operations Management
The manager of a utility company in the Texas panhandle wants to develop quarterly forecasts of power loads for the next year. The power loads are? seasonal, and the data on the quarterly loads in megawatts? (MW) for the last four years are as? follows: ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? Quarter Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 1.102.1 93.6 120.6 107.7
2.129.4 119.9 142.5 131.2
3. 142.9 136.5 169.9 149.1
4. 168.6 156.1 181.6 169.0
The manager estimates the total demand for the next year at 735735 MW. Use the multiplicative seasonal method to develop the forecast for each quarter. ?(Round all intermediate calculations to three decimal? places.) The first quarter forecast is nothing MW. ?(Enter your response rounded to one decimal? place.)
In the multiplicative seasonal method, the average value of the yearly demand is calculated, and the forecasts are developed using the formula:-
Forecast=Seasonality Factor*Average Demand
For Years 1-4, Seasonality Factors are calculated by using the formula:-
Seasonality Factor=Quarterly Demand/Average Demand
The average seasonality factor of years 1-4 will be used for Year 5,i.e,
S.F. for Q1Y5 (Quarter 1 of Year 5)=(Sum of S.F. for Q1Y1,Q1Y2,Q1Y3 & Q1Y4)/4
All the values are tabulated below:-
Quarter | Y1 | S1 | Y2 | S2 | Y3 | S3 | Y4 | S4 | Y5 | S5 |
1 | 102.1 | 0.752 | 93.6 | 0.740 | 120.6 | 0.785 | 107.7 | 0.773 | 140.120 | 0.763 |
2 | 129.4 | 0.953 | 119.9 | 0.948 | 142.5 | 0.927 | 131.2 | 0.942 | 173.207 | 0.943 |
3 | 142.9 | 1.053 | 136.5 | 1.079 | 169.9 | 1.106 | 149.1 | 1.071 | 197.899 | 1.077 |
4 | 168.6 | 1.242 | 156.1 | 1.234 | 181.6 | 1.182 | 169 | 1.214 | 223.775 | 1.218 |
Total | 543 | 506.1 | 614.6 | 557 | 735 | |||||
Avg. | 135.75 | 126.525 | 153.65 | 139.25 | 183.75 |
where, S1,S2,S3,S4 and S5 are SF for Years 1-5.
The forecast for quarter 1 is 140.1 MW.