Explain the process of how DNA replicates itself to pass on the protein synthesis ability after...

Explain the process of how DNA replicates itself to pass on the protein synthesis ability after mitosis. Are proteins used during this process? What happens during chronic inflammation in the tissue healing process? Is there a way to avoid this, if so, how?

Expert Solution

DNA carries the information of proteins to be synthesised in the cells. The process of DNA replication occurs as follows,

The enzyme DNA gyrase makes a nick in DNA double helix and each helix separates
The two strands of the DNA helix are unwinded by DNA helicase enzyme
Single strand binding proteins bind to each of the strands and keep them separated
The enzyme DNA polymerase adds the nucleotides to each strand according to the base pairing rule which states that adenine binds with thymine and guanine binds with cytosine
The enzyme DNA ligase binds up the DNA fragments
The new copies automatically wind up again forming two new sets of DNA

During chronic inflammation, there is a proliferation of endothelial cells of the blood vessels (angiogenesis), laying down of loose connective tissue by fibroblasts (fibrosis) and tissue necrosis. Fibrosis can be avoided to some extent by using anti inflammatory agents like steroids.

gladiator answered 2 years ago

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