A randomised control trial is the technique of allocating
subjects in clinical trials into control and treatment conditions
where every participant has an equal opportunity for being a part
of either of the two groups. As such, it offers the following
advantages:
- It helps to establish causation between the treatment condition
or the independent variable and the changes in behaviour, symptoms,
etc (dependent variable) as the differences between the two groups
become comparable.
- It allows the researcher to assign and administer treatment or
intervention in a precise, controlled way and thus prevent
confounding variables from altering the results as the differences
tend to get equally distributed between the two groups when
participants are randomly divided between the two groups.
- Randomised trials increase the reliability of the study as they
decrease observer’s bias and selection bias and minimises
confounding due to unequal distribution in a chosen
population.