The Pap Smear has been used for decades as a preliminary
screening mechanism for detecting potential cervical cancer.
Estimates exist to suggest that the rate of cervical cancer in the
female population is 0.1 percent (1 case per 1,000). Suppose that,
each year, the test is used to screen 100,000 females. Out of those
screened that have cervical cancer, the Pap Smear provided positive
results (test is positive for presumptive cervical CA) in 56
females. Out of the those screened...