You find some cells have mutations that permanently deactivate Raf. Pleasure list the protein(s) that would...

You find some cells have mutations that permanently deactivate Raf. Pleasure list the protein(s) that would be an effective drug target for reversing the effect of the Raf mutation and explain your reasoning.

Expert Solution

RAF kinases are a family of three serine/threonine-specific protein kinases that are related to retroviral oncogenes The mouse sarcoma virus contains a RAF kinase-related oncogene that enhances fibrosarcoma induction. RAF is an acronym for Rapidly Accelerated Fibrosarcoma. RAF kinases participate in the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK signal transduction cascade, also referred to as the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade.

As you can see the proteins involved in Raf protein pathway are

RAS activates RAF.

MEK RAF activates MEK which further activates ERK.

ERK which is responsible for feedback inhibition.

So if there is mutation which deactivates the RAF it means cell is having mutation in the kinase activity of RAF because in the figure you can see they are kinase inhibitor which deactivates the RAF. So using this knowledge we can assume that if we use the kinase activator drug which compounds differ from ATP-centric drugs in that they do not compete with ATP for binding to the catalytic domain, generally acting by inducing conformational changes to modulate activity. example for such type of drug is small-molecule AMP kinase activator, parmitoyltransferase 1, increases activity of the enzyme inhibiting the autoinhibitory phosphorylation state of the enzyme. This type of activator molecules can be used.

gladiator answered 2 years ago

Where would you expect to find mutations that reduce the expression of a bacterial protein-coding gene?...

Where would you expect to find mutations that reduce the expression of a bacterial protein-coding gene? At least two different sites are possible

Assuming that the mutations are adaptive, how would that affect the stability of a protein at...

Assuming that the mutations are adaptive, how would that affect the stability of a protein at low and high temperatures? Given: 1) Glutamine to lysine in a warm adapted species.Glutamine is uncharged while lysine is positively charged, therefore there would likely be a change as an uncharged amino acid is being replaced with positively charged amino acid. 2) Threonine to Alanine in a warm adapted species. Threonine is polar uncharged while Alanine is hydrophobictherefore there would likely be a change,...

. You want to improve your protein to have desired properties by introducing random mutations only...

. You want to improve your protein to have desired properties by introducing random mutations only into the selected spot (hatched in the below diagram), but not whole regions, of the protein. What kind of mutation technique will you use to generate protein library to introduce random mutations to only the selected regions? Please explain your chosen mutation method in detail, including your primer design and PCR strategy

Question 64 Mutations may be recessive because cells can increase the amount of functional protein produced...

Question 64 Mutations may be recessive because cells can increase the amount of functional protein produced from their remaining normal allele. True False Question 65 For genes which have multiple alleles, the relationships between those alleles can be a variety of types of dominant/recessive relationships. False True

List 3 types of mutations in DNA sequence. How does each affect the resulting protein?

Protein synthesis occurs in all living cells. Why, then, are some antimicrobial drugs that target protein...

Protein synthesis occurs in all living cells. Why, then, are some antimicrobial drugs that target protein synthesis selectively toxic to bacteria?

Which of the following mutations would promote malignancy in cells whose proliferation is inhibited by TGFBeta?...

Which of the following mutations would promote malignancy in cells whose proliferation is inhibited by TGFBeta? a) Dominant negative SMAD4 b) Loss of TGF Beta receptor II c) Overexpression of Smad2 Explain why it is correct and why the other options are wrong.

Generally speaking, which of the following mutations would most severely affect the protein coded for by a gene?

Generally speaking, which of the following mutations would most severely affect the protein coded for by a gene? a base substitution at the beginning of the gene a base substitution at the end of the gene a frameshift deletion at the beginning of the gene a frameshift deletion at the end of the gene

Would you be more likely to find single nucleotide polymorphism in the protein-coding or in the...

Would you be more likely to find single nucleotide polymorphism in the protein-coding or in the noncoding dna of the human genome? Please explain, I do not understand the key.

You have undertaken a study of protein transport in live cultured eukaryotic cells, and your objective...

You have undertaken a study of protein transport in live cultured eukaryotic cells, and your objective is to follow the in vivo movement of a secreted protein through the secretory pathway to the cell exterior. You have introduced a gene that encodes a mutant form of this protein tagged with Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) into the cells. When the cells are grown at 42OC, the mutant protein is folded in a way that causes it to be retained in the...

Question