Question

What three basic life assumptions are challenged by trauma, according to Janoff-Bulman?

Answer 1

The Janoff-Bulman is professor emerita of Psychology at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. Her early research focused on victimization and trauma.

According to Janoff-Bulman, People generally hold three fundamental assumptions:

The world is benevolent: The assumption concerns one's overall impression of the goodness or virtue of the world. This constitutes two sub-assumptions: the benevolence of the world as an entity, and the benevolence of the people in that world. The benevolence of the world and people refer to the world and people close to us rather than the larger, distant impersonal worldwide.

The world is meaningful: This assumption addresses not only why events happen in our world, but why they happen to specific people. A meaningful world is one that makes sense - it is one in which we can see the contingency between a person and his or her outcomes. When a person who is good in the eyes of their loved ones dies young of an illness, it seems unfair, particularly to the loved ones of the deceased. Thus, the early death of someone who is "deserving of good things" can shatter the assumption that the world is meaningful or logical.

The self is worthy: The last assumption evaluates one's self as a positive, moral and decent and thus deserving of good outcomesin life.Generally, this assumption enables an individual to maintain a belief that s/he has the ability to control positive or negative outcomes.

kindly give a like to the answer.

Thanks in advance.