Question

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Q1.Discuss the process of normalization and its purpose in the context of relational databases. Provide at least one example (preferably a table) of how normalization helps solve certain problems in relations.

Answer 1

Normalization is the process of organizing the data in the database.

Normalization is used to minimize the redundancy from a relation or set of relations. It is also used to eliminate the undesirable characteristics like Insertion, Update and Deletion Anomalies.

Normalization divides the larger table into the smaller table and links them using relationship.

The normal form is used to reduce redundancy from the database table.

Most of these problems are the result of two bad design features called: redundant data and anomalies. Redundant data is unnecessary reoccurring data (repeating groups of data). Anomalies are any occurrence that weakens the integrity of your data due to irregular or inconsistent storage (delete, insert and update irregularity, that generates the inconsistent data).

When normalising a database you should achieve four goals:

Arranging data into logical groups such that each group describes a small part of the whole

Minimizing the amount of duplicated data stored in a database

Building a database in which you can access and manipulate the data quickly and efficiently without compromising the integrity of the data storage

Organising the data such that, when you modify it, you make the changes in only one place