Question

Diversity among individuals, as well as cultures, provides a challenge for nurses when it comes to delivering meaningful health promotion and illness prevention-based education. How do teaching principles, varied learning styles (for both nurses and patients), and teaching methodologies impact the approach to education? How do health care providers overcome differing points of view regarding health promotion and disease prevention? Provide an example. At least one reference

Answer 1

The United States of America is a very diverse country. According to the 2010 Census of USA, there are nearly 36 % of living people in US are belongs to an ethnic or racial minority group and they all have different types of culture and these groups had their own cultural values and beliefs.

For obtaining a positive health outcomes patient education was very necessary. Teaching is only effective when actual learning takes place. “Properly constructed behavioral learning objectives are about the evidence of learning; they specify what behavior a student must demonstrate or perform in order for a teacher to infer that learning took place (Kizlik, 2016).” To discover if the patient has learned the objective, it is important that they can recite back what they are to do, when they are to do it, and how they are to do it. This recitation demonstrates that the patient truly learned what was being taught. So how does one ensure that a patient has the best opportunity to learn the objective?

            The following factors are used to determine a patient’s readiness to change: the individual’s perception or readiness for change; the value of health to the individual compared with other aspects of their lifestyle; the perceived susceptibility to a health problem, disease or complication; the perceived seriousness of the disease risk threatening the achievement of certain goals or aims; the risk factors for a disease that are attributed to none behavioral choices (such as heredity, race, medical history, etc); the perceived benefits of a behavioral change; and the perceived barriers to a behavioral change (Heady, 2014). With different cultures and backgrounds, each patient has different perceptions of their health problems, different views on risk factors, and diverse barriers to a behavioral change. Even within an ethnic group there are variations. For example, not all Hispanics are poor or have language barriers, but they will have other cultural issues that are either aligned with that of other Hispanics, or they may be cultural issues that are unique to their own family. The approach to education needs to take into consideration all of these factors that come into play for a patient.

            By knowing all of the various learning styles and teaching methods, a health care provider can incorporate them all to ensure a successful patient education. This awareness of strategies allows one to use them all to make sure that the patient learns in whichever style is their preferred method. By using all of the strategies, a patient has a much better chance of successfully learning. Also, while using all the methods, a health care provider may find what is working best with an individual patient and then gear the rest of the training towards that method of teaching. Without knowing all of the learning styles, teaching principles and methodologies, a unique approach for each patient would not be possible and the patients would not learn as well as they may have under other circumstances.

References:

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2016). Minority Health. Retrieved from

http://www.cdc.gov/minorityhealth/index.html

Heady, S. (2014). Health Education. In Edelman, C.L., Kudzma, E. C., & Mandle, C. L. (Eds.),

214-228. Health Promotion Throughout the Life Span (8th ed.) (pp. 219) St. Louis, MO: Mosby.

Kizlik, B. (2013). How to Write Learning Objectives That Meet Demanding Behavioral

Criteria. Retrieved from http://www.adprima.com/objectives.htm.

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