Question

Individuals and organizations build various data structures and algorithms to solve real-life problems. Furthermore, many data analysts tend to use Big-O notation for analyzing algorithms.

1. In your own words, explain ways by which people can specify (i). data structures and (ii) algorithms, that they build and use.

Answer 1

PLEASE FIND THE ANSWER(S) and EXPLANATION BELOW.

Yes, Individuals and organizations build various data structures and algorithms to solve real-life problems.

They will use the big-O notation to analyze the problems.

1. Specifying the Data Structures
   • We can specify the data structure as needed for a particular problem.
   • For example, to store several names of the users, we will need an Array or List Data structure.
     • If we use the tree data structure, we can have no advantage.
   • Also, to store the hierarchical data, we should use the TREE data structure instead of lists
   • Different data structures are:
     • List
     • Array
     • Tree
     • Graph
     • Stack
     • Queue
     • Tries
     • Hash Tables etc.,
2. Specifying the Algorithms
   • We have to use a particular algorithm to have an advantage over another.
   • We can use the Binary Search instead of Linear search to search for an element in a sorted array.
   • The types of algorithms are:
     • Linear Search
     • Binary Search
     • Various Sort methods like:
       • Bubble sort
       • Selection sort
       • Insertion sort
       • Merge sort
       • Quicksort etc.,
   • Categories of algorithms
     • Brute force
     • Greedy approach
     • Dynamic programming
     • Branch and Bound etc.
3. Big-O Analysis
   • ​​​​​​​To measure the efficiency of the algorithm we are using, we have to apply the big-oh analysis.
   • The time complexity and Space complexity are the two important Analysis processes.
   • Example:
     • 
   • We can apply the above master theorem to find the time complexity.