Question

For meiosis, describe the major differences between metaphase I and metaphase II?

How is anaphase I in meiosis different than anaphase in mitosis?

Explain how meiosis II is more like mitosis than meiosis one is.

Define a tetrad of chromosomes.

In what ways are homologous chromosomes similar to each other and different than each other?

Please type the answer. Don't write on the paper, type the answer here

Answer 1

Answer 1. In metaphase I, all the homologous chromosomes arrange on the equatorial line. In metaphase II, the haploid chromosomes arrange on the equator.

Answer 2. In anaphase I of meiosis I, the homologous chromosomes segregate, thus, at each pole haploid chromosomes occur.

In anaphase II or in mitotic anaphase, centromeric division occurs as a result, the ploidy level of the cell is not disturbed. Each pole has diploid number of chromosomes.

Answer 3. Meiosis II is similar to mitosis because the haploid cells formed in meiosis I are required to double their number, means from one cell of Meiosis I, two cells are required, which could be possible through mitosis only.

Each phase of meiosis II occurs the same way as each phase of mitosis occurs.

Mitosis maintains the ploidy level of the cell. It was n or haploid in meiosis I, now meiosis II which is same like mitosis will make two gametes each with half number of chromosomes then what we started in starting.

Answer 4. A tetrad is a pair of homologous chromosome. It contains four chromatids thus is known as tetrad. All the tetrads arrange at equator in metaphase I.

Answer 5. A homologous chromosome is a set that is composed of 2 chromosomes. One is derived from maternal set and another from paternal.

They contain genes at same loci which is the similarity between them. But the alleles at these loci could be different, that's the dissimilarity between them. All the autosomes in humans are homologous,means 22 pairs of chromosomes.