Question

In the paper by Dunn, G. (1989) Design and analysis of reliability studies, two different examiners (graders) graded papers by each of 29 candidates. The grades ranged from 0 = very poor to 4 = excellent. The grades are recorded in the data set Grade reliability.

1. Is this data matched-pairs or 2 independent samples? Explain why.
2. Make at least two appropriate graphs to display the data
   1. calculate appropriate numerical summaries.
   2. Use all of this information to describe the distribution.
3. Does the data provide evidence that the two examiners are not consistent? Perform an appropriate test. Make sure to show all 4 steps, and use software to obtain the test statistic value and p-value.

Please show and explain all work with excel software and please discuss all 4 parts of the hypothesis test.

Grade reliability Data set:

Candidate	Examiner A	Examiner B
1	1	2
2	0	0
3	0	0
4	2	2
5	0	0
6	4	3
7	0	0
8	0	0
9	0	0
10	2	3
11	1	2
12	2	3
13	0	1
14	4	3
15	4	3
16	1	2
17	0	2
18	1	2
19	2	3
20	0	0
21	2	3
22	4	4
23	0	0
24	0	0
25	4	3
26	0	2
27	1	2
28	3	4
29	2	3

Answer 1

A. This data is matched-pairs since two different examiners (graders) graded papers by each of 29 candidates.

B.

a.

Since these are ordinal data so we can,t compute mean and standard deviation however we compute median, mode (as a measure of central tendency), inter quartile range (as a measure of dispersion):

Descriptive Statistics: Examiner A, Examiner B

N for
Variable Q1 Median Q3 IQR Mode Mode
Examiner A 0.000 1.000 2.000 2.000 0 12
Examiner B 0.000 2.000 3.000 3.000 0, 3 9
b. Since for Examiner 1, Q3-Q2=Q2-Q1, hence the distribution is symmetric. However for examiner 2, Q3-Q2<Q2-Q1 hence the distribution is negatively skewed.

c.