Question

Distinguish between top-down and bottom-up processes In perception. Making explicit reference to several of the pain management techniques.

Answer 1

How do we recognize a pattern? Do we identify a dog because we have first recognized its furry coat, its four legs, its eyes, ears, and so on, or do we recognize these parts because we have first identified a dog?

The recognition process is initiated by the parts of the pattern, which serves as the recognition of the whole or whether it is primarily initiated by a hypothesis about whole, which leads to his identification and subsequent recognition of the parts.

Bottom Up process- When we recognize any object as a whole, this recognition is called bottom up recognition.

Bottom Down process- The bottom down process works on analysis, when we recognize the object as parts, the process called bottom down recognition process.

Pain Management Techniques-The pain management techniques used to control chronic pain, here are some techniques related to cognitive pain management.

1- CBT: The cognitive behavioural therapy used as a method of pain management, in which talk therapy used to help the people suffering from chronic pain.

2- Hypnosis: The effects of hypnosis in pain management varies person to person, the efficiency of hypnosis in pain reduction in some condition. Hypnosis has reduced the pain of some noxious medical procedure.

3- Medication: Pain killers, antipyretics and other kind of medicines used in the pain reduction, the medication is a common and most widely used process in the reduction of pain.