Analyze the role and evidence of genes in Alzheimer’s disease

Expert Solution

The exact cause of Alzheimer's disease is not yet known but evidence of genes linked to Alzheimer's disease has been found, which are present on human chromosomes 1, 14, 19, & 21. Two types of genes, risk genes and deterministic genes are associated with Alzheimer's disease. Risk genes increase the probability but do not guarantee the disease. Few risk genes have been identified to be implicated in Alzheimer's disease. One is APOE-e4 (apolipoprotein E-e4) on chromosomes 19 which has shown the strongest influence. It is a factor in 20-25% of total cases and is very common in persons above 65 years of age. However, it is not yet certain how APOE-e4 increases the risk of Alzheimer's disease. It is clear that these genes do not cause the disease necessarily rather just increase the risk of contracting the disease. Deterministic genes are the genes responsible directly for causing the disease rather than just increasing the risk. These assure that one inheriting these genes will have the disease. Variation in genes coding three proteins namely amyloid precursor protein (APP), presenilin-1 (PS-1) and presenilin-2 (PS-2) is directly linked to Alzheimer's disease. Symptoms may appear even early in 30-40s.

gladiator answered 2 years ago

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