Question

1. botanical ingredients in caffeine and paint and function/purpose of each ingredient.

2.nutritional value of caffeine and paint.

3.  Ethnobotanical knowledge about caffeine and paint

4. how are caffeine and paint made and secondary metabolites of the caffeine and paint.

Answer 1

1. I don’t understand this question.

2. Caffeine has a low nutritional value since it’s metabolized in the liver to three compounds which are Paraxanthine (84%), Theobromine (12%) and Teophiline (4%), these are excreted in urine. Also, most pigments (like anthocyanins) aren’t metabolized by your liver (that’s the reason when you eat beet your urine looks red/purple), but the ones you can metabolize (like b-carotenes present in carrot) are not hydrolyzed to obtain energy, they actually are reallocated inside your cells for their use without changing the chemical structure of the compound.

3. Caffeine extracted from a lot of plants like coffee (Coffea arabica), “yerba mate” (Ilex paraguariensis), guarana (Paullinia cupana) and tea (Camellia sinensis) have been used by a lot of civilizations in the past for it’s stimulant function allowing people to stay awake to work more. Also, these extracts have been used in concentrated dosis for its diuretic properties (it makes you go pee a lot)

4. The exact metabolic pathway related to caffeine biosynthesis isn’t known very well, but science has discovered it’s related to the aminoacidic tryptophan pathway. Pigments like anthocyanins and b-carotenes are produced by the flavone and xanthophylls pathways respectively.