Question

What are the benefits and drawbacks of expended genetic code relate to  designer microbes and novel engineered proteins.

whether complex genetic code leads to complex forms of life and how will this aid in making designer microbes?

Answer 1

Benefits and drawbacks

Protein engineering is the process of developing useful or valuable proteins. There are two general strategies for protein engineering.

1. Rational protein design

2. Direct evolution

These methods are not mutually exclusive, researchers will often apply both. In the future, more detailed knowledge of protein structure and function and advances in high-throughput screening, may greatly expand the abilities of protein engineering. Eventually, even unnatural amino acids may be included, via newer methods, such as expanded genetic code, that allow encoding novel amino acids in genetic code.

Scientists have created a living organism whose DNA is entirely human made perhaps a new form of life, experts said, and a milestone in the field of synthetic biology. The bacteria are alive though unusually shaped and reproducing slowly. But their cells operate according to anew set of biological rules producing familiar protein with a reconstructed genetic code.