Question

Protists and Fungi

1. Be able to identify the following list of protists:

a. Spirogyra

b. Euglena

c. Volvox

d. Diatoms

e. dinoflagellates

f. Amoeba

g. Paramecium

h. Giardia

i. Plasmodium

j. Physarum

2. Know how protists are beneficial to ecosystems, particularly the photosynthetic protists.

3. Know which ones are pathogens and what diseases they cause.

4. Be familiar with the body structures of fungi (hyphae, mycelium, mushroom, sporangium) AND what their functions are.

Photosynthesis

1. Know the photosynthesis equation

2. Understand what pigments are in plants and their functions; including why having multiple types of pigments rather than just chlorophyll is beneficial.

3. Basic understanding of color: when we see a color, what are our eyes really detecting? In other words, why do we see plants as green? What does that tell us about the wavelengths that the chlorophylls absorb?

4. Have a good understanding of the virtual chromatography lab; not necessarily the exact procedures, but an understanding of what was happening in the normal versus boiled chloroplasts.

Plants I

1. Be able to recognize specimens of Bryophytes and Pterophytes

2. Be able to distinguish between the sporophyte and the gametophyte on these plants

3. Know the difference between antheridia and archegonia

4. Understand what spores are

5. Be able to label the basic parts of the alternation of generations of these groups

Plants II

1. Be able to recognize specimens of Gymnosperms and Angiosperms

2. Be able to identify the male and female gametophytes in the gymnosperm cones

3. Be able to label the basic parts of the alternation of generations of these groups

4. Within angiosperms, know the differences between monocots and dicots

5. Be able to identify the parts of the flower

6. Understand the process of double fertilization, AND the difference between pollination and fertilization

Answer 1

1. The protists among these all are

• Euglena
• Volvox
• Diatoms
• Dinoflagellates
• Amoeba
• Paramecium
• Giardia
• Plasmodium
• Physarum

Spirogyra is not a protist it is a algae from kindom plantae.

2.The protist are benificial for ecosystems by following ways :-

• Some phytoplanktons are protist they perform photosynthesis and produce oxygen as a by-product of there respiration cycle as well as they play a vital role in aqatic food chain they act as producers.
• Some protist like zooxanthellae also perform symbiotic relationship with coral reefs, the coral provides shelter and protist provide them food.

3.The pathogenic protist and disease they cause:-

• Diatoms - produce toxins cause disease such as amnesic shellfish poisoning.
• Dinoflagellates- cause ciguatera disease.
• Amoeba- cause Amoebiasis (amoebic dysentery).
• Giardia- Giardiasis disease
• Plasmodium- malaria

4. Functions of body structure of fungi

• Hyphae- it contain cytoplasm and nucleus and absorb nutrients from environment and transfer them to other parts of fungus body.
• Mycelium- it extends the area in which a mushroom can aquire nutrients.
• Mushroom- they are known as bracket fungi or puffball fungi .they grow on soil, on logs and tree stumps as well as living plant bodies.
• Sporangium - these are structure mainly contain spores of fungi . Spores acts as mode of reproduction in some fungi.