Question

1)What is the nature of ethical thinking?

2) What is the nature of a child in level one of moral development?

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13) Does moral development depend on the age of a person? Give reason for your answer.

Answer 1

1.Moral reasoning of preschool children was influenced by concern forr obedience and punishments and for satisfying personal needs.

In different studdies it is found that students who support rigid moral standards don't necessarily behave in ethical and desirable ways .9 to 11 year old children are quick to find excuses to justify their own rule infractions .Solving moral dilemma involves trying to cordinate several sets of conflicting needs and motives,including the law of culture ,the morality of peers,Parents and teachers guidelines and self interests .Ethical decision making benefit from practice and maturity and from specific instruction on how to generalise moral principles to life.

2.Level 1 is called preconventional level .

Kohlenberg is a psychologist who has done elaborate studies about moral development.From these studies he could conclude that moral development takes place along a number of sequential stages.He has identified six such stages that fall into three fundementaly different levels of moral orientation.

Preconventional level consist of 2 stages

stage 1 -The stage of obedience for avoiding punishment .

Stage 2 -the stage of conformity to satisfy needs.

At this level the child judges morality in terms of effects produced by various actions .This level includes two different stages.

Stage 1 -In the beginning ,children's morality is controlled by the fear of punishment .They try to obey their parents to avoid punishment.

Stage 2--During this stage children's moral judgement is based on self interests and consideration of what others can do for them in return.They obey the orders of elders because it will help them satisfy their needs.

13.Yes moral development depends on the age of the person .Morality in a person is develop along with the cognitive skills and social skills .So defenitely it will takes time to develop in an individual.

Moral development refers to the development of moral concepts and moral behaviour .Moral concepts start eveloping when the child learns what is good and what is bad what is right and what is wrong.An individual's morality and sociability appears to be interrelated and socialised individual will normally be a person with good moral charecter.Hence moral development can be considered as a part of social development.

Moral development can be considered as a part of social development.Together with the development of cognition and social skills ,children develop along the dimension of moral values and reasoning .According to piaget the child enters a new stage of moral development when he enters the stage of concrete operations at 6 or 7 .He called it moral realism.According to kohlenberg moral development takes place along a number of sequential stages.He classified six such stages .According to Piaget there are four stages of moral development .Anomy ,heterenomy -authority ,heteronomy -reciprocity and autonomy adolescence are the four stages.