____8.  Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of bonds?

Secured bonds

Coupon bonds

Variable bonds

Serial bonds

All of these

____9.  The total interest expense associated with a bond issue is the sum of the actual

 interest payments:

Plus any related bond discount

Plus any related bond premium

Minus any related bond discount

Minus any related bond premium

Both A and D

___10.  The amount at which bonds payable should be shown on the balance sheet is their face value:

Plus any related un-amortized bond discount

Minus any related un-amortized bond discount

Plus any related un-amortized bond premium

Minus any related un-amortized bond premium

Both A and C

n 2017, Frost Company, which began operations in 2015, decided to change from LIFO to FIFO because management believed that FIFO better represented the flow of their inventory. Management prepared the following analysis showing the effect of this change:

Frost reported net income of $2,500,000, $2,400,000, and $2,100,000 in 2015, 2016, and 2017, respectively. The tax rate is 30%.

Required:

Sweets R Us Pty Ltd. is a large confectionary company that manufactures a range of standard sweet products and some specialty products for the Australian market. Most of the company’s production is in standard chocolate goods and they offer personalised packaging for promotional or fundraising purposes. They also provide uniquely moulded and decorated chocolate items for special events such as grand finals. You have been allocated the role of assessing the controls in the Purchases, Accounts Payable and Payments system, and have obtained the following details:

Raw material ordering process

1. To maintain and control product quality a limited number of trusted suppliers are used.
2. The production manager oversees raw material inventory. Orders are placed based on current production orders and quantities of raw material currently on hand with next day delivery where possible.
3. No formal purchase order system is used.

Raw material warehousing procedures

1. The warehouse personnel are trusted, long-term employees.
2. One of the warehousing staff ensures that all goods received, primarily raw materials, are in good order and signs the couriers’ delivery dockets in acknowledgment of materials received.
3. Movement of in and out of the warehouse is not recorded, but the production manager monitors stock levels and movements daily.

Accounts payable system

1. Supplier invoices are received in the accounts department via email and printed. The details are entered into the accounts payable system by the accounts payable clerk, who then stamps the invoice as processed. The computer system automatically calculates the payment due date based on the supplier's credit terms that have been entered into the system.
2. As there are only a few suppliers each week, the accounts payable clerk validates the outstanding invoices via a phone call with the production manager. The production manager has an excellent memory for what he has ordered, and the deliveries received.
3. The computer system automatically generates a weekly list of invoices due for payment. The accounts payable clerk flags the invoices for cheques to be processed as direct deposits are not used. The system does allow the user to exclude an invoice from the payment run. The accounts payable ledger and general ledger are automatically updated once the payment runs are complete.
4. The cheques are forwarded to the financial controller for signature. Supporting documentation is only attached to the cheques for non-major suppliers. The financial controller calls the production manager to verify the review process (step 2) has taken place, and other payments are verified to the attached invoice. If the financial controller is not available the accounts payable clerk usually has the cheques signed by the marketing manager. The payables clerk avoids asking the CEO to sign cheques as he asks too many questions. Any supporting documentation to the cheque is signed to avoid duplicate payment.
5. Monthly statements are received from the suppliers. However, the accounts payable clerk does not believe statement reconciliations are necessary.

1. Identifies and explains ten (10) control weaknesses associated with the purchases, accounts payable and payments system outlined above.
2. Identifies and explains the account balance assertions for raw material inventory and accounts payable that are most impacted by control weaknesses.
3. Recommends and justifies a control improvement for each of the weaknesses identified in requirement one.

Summarize what recidivism research reveals about the success of the prison in achieving deterrence and rehabilitation. Summarize the research findings on recidivism rates among offenders on probation. How do the recidivism rates of parolees and probationers compare?

Cost of Goods Sold, Profit margin, and Net Income for a Manufacturing Company

The following information is available for Gonzalez Manufacturing Company for the month ending July 31, 2016:

For the month ended July 31, 2016, determine Gonzalez's (a) cost of goods sold, (b) gross profit, and (c) net income.

Labels & Amount descriptions

Finished goods inventory, July 1, 2016

Finished goods inventory, July 31, 2016

Sales

Selling Expenses

Cost of finished goods available for sale

Cost of goods manufactured

Cost of goods sold

Gross profit

Administrative expenses

Net Income

Less administrative expenses

Less Finished goods inventory, July 1, 2016

Less Finished goods inventory, July 31, 2016

1. (a)

   Gonzalez Manufacturing Company
   Cost of Goods Sold
   July 31, 2016
   	$
   	$
   	$

   (b)

   Gonzalez Manufacturing Company
   Gross Profit
   July 31, 2016
   	$
   	$

   (c)

   Gonzalez Manufacturing Company
   Net Income
   July 31, 2016
   		$_________
   Operating expenses:
   	$ ______
   	______
   Total operating expenses		______
   		$______

Kubin Company’s relevant range of production is 23,000 to 27,500 units. When it produces and sells 25,250 units, its average costs per unit are as follows:

Required:

1. If 23,000 units are produced and sold, what is the variable cost per unit produced and sold?

2. If 27,500 units are produced and sold, what is the variable cost per unit produced and sold?

3. If 23,000 units are produced and sold, what is the total amount of variable cost related to the units produced and sold?

4. If 27,500 units are produced and sold, what is the total amount of variable cost related to the units produced and sold?

5. If 23,000 units are produced, what is the average fixed manufacturing cost per unit produced?

6. If 27,500 units are produced, what is the average fixed manufacturing cost per unit produced?

7. If 23,000 units are produced, what is the total amount of fixed manufacturing overhead incurred to support this level of production?

8. If 27,500 units are produced, what is the total amount of fixed manufacturing overhead incurred to support this level of production?

Jupiter Computer Company has been purchasing carrying cases for its portable computers at a purchase price of $78 per unit. The company, which is currently operating below full capacity, charges factory overhead to production at the rate of 40% of direct labor cost. The fully absorbed unit costs to produce comparable carrying cases are expected to be as follows:

If Jupiter Computer Company manufactures the carrying cases, fixed factory overhead costs will not increase and variable factory overhead costs associated with the cases are expected to be 10% of the direct labor costs.

Required:

A. Prepare a differential analysis, dated July 19 to determine whether the company should make (Alternative 1) or buy (Alternative 2) the carrying case. Refer to the lists of Labels and Amount Descriptions for the exact wording of the answer choices for text entries. For those boxes in which you must enter subtracted or negative numbers use a minus sign. If there is no amount or an amount is zero, enter "0". A colon (:) will automatically appear if required.

B. On the basis of the data presented, would it be advisable to make the carrying cases or to continue buying them? Explain.

Assuming there were no better alternative uses for the spare capacity, it would __________ (Pick one | "not be advisable" OR "be advisable") to manufacture the carrying cases because the cost savings would be $4 per unit. Fixed factory overhead is _________ (Pick one | "relevent" OR "irrelevent") because it will continue whether the carrying cases are purchased or manufactured.

Measures of liquidity, The ability of a company to make its periodic interest payments and repay the face amount of debt at maturity.Solvency, and The ability of a firm to generate earnings.Profitability

The comparative financial statements of Marshall Inc. are as follows. The market price of Marshall common stock was $ 61 on December 31, 20Y2.

Required:

Determine the following measures for 20Y2, rounding to one decimal place, except for dollar amounts, which should be rounded to the nearest cent. Use the rounded answer of the requirement for subsequent requirement, if required. Assume 365 days a year

Worley Company buys surgical supplies from a variety of manufacturers and then resells and delivers these supplies to hundreds of hospitals. Worley sets its prices for all hospitals by marking up its cost of goods sold to those hospitals by 9%. For example, if a hospital buys supplies from Worley that cost Worley $100 to buy from manufacturers, Worley would charge the hospital $109 to purchase these supplies. For years, Worley believed that the 9% markup covered its selling and administrative expenses and provided a reasonable profit. However, in the face of declining profits, Worley decided to implement an activity-based costing system to help improve its understanding of customer profitability. The company broke its selling and administrative expenses into five activities as shown: Activity Cost Pool (Activity Measure) Total Cost Total Activity Customer deliveries (Number of deliveries) $ 595,000 7,000 deliveries Manual order processing (Number of manual orders) 568,000 8,000 orders Electronic order processing (Number of electronic orders) 336,000 14,000 orders Line item picking (Number of line items picked) 782,000 460,000 line items Other organization-sustaining costs (None) 630,000 Total selling and administrative expenses $ 2,911,000 Worley gathered the data below for two of the many hospitals that it serves—University and Memorial (each hospital purchased medical supplies that had cost Worley $31,000 to buy from manufacturers): Activity Activity Measure University Memorial Number of deliveries 17 28 Number of manual orders 0 44 Number of electronic orders 18 0 Number of line items picked 180 290 Required:

1. Compute the total revenue that Worley would receive from University and Memorial.

2. Compute the activity rate for each activity cost pool.

3. Compute the total activity costs that would be assigned to University and Memorial.

4. Compute Worley’s customer margin for University and Memorial. (Hint: Do not overlook the $31,000 cost of goods sold that Worley incurred serving each hospital.)

Compute the total revenue that Worley would receive from University and Memorial.

ompute the activity rate for each activity cost pool. (Round your answers to 2 decimal places.)

Compute the total activity costs that would be assigned to University and Memorial.

Compute Worley’s customer margin for University and Memorial. (Hint: Do not overlook the $31,000 cost of goods sold that Worley incurred serving each hospital.) (Loss amounts should be indicated with a minus sign. Round your intermediate calculations to 2 decimal places. Round your final answers to the nearest whole number.)

• Required 3

Scholes Systems supplies a particular type of office chair to large retailers such as Target, Costco, and Office Max. Scholes is concerned about the possible effects of inflation on its operations. Presently, the company sells 98,000 units for $70 per unit. The variable production costs are $40, and fixed costs amount to $1,580,000. Production engineers have advised management that they expect unit labor costs to rise by 20 percent and unit materials costs to rise by 15 percent in the coming year. Of the $40 variable costs, 55 percent are from labor and 30 percent are from materials. Variable overhead costs are expected to increase by 25 percent. Sales prices cannot increase more than 10 percent. It is also expected that fixed costs will rise by 7 percent as a result of increased taxes and other miscellaneous fixed charges.

The company wishes to maintain the same level of profit in real dollar terms. It is expected that to accomplish this objective, profits must increase by 8 percent during the year.

Required:

a. Compute the volume in units and the dollar sales level necessary to maintain the present profit level, assuming that the maximum price increase is implemented. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round up your answer for "Volume in units" to the nearest whole number and round your answer for "Sales" to the nearest whole dollar amount.)

b. Compute the volume of sales and the dollar sales level necessary to provide the 8 percent increase in profits, assuming that the maximum price increase is implemented. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round up your answer for "Volume in units" to the nearest whole number and round your answer for "Sales" to the nearest whole dollar amount.)

c. If the volume of sales were to remain at 98,000 units, what price change would be required to attain the 8 percent increase in profits? Calculate the new price. (Round intermediate calculations of unit cost and final answer to 2 decimal places.)

CURRENT RATIO What is the formula? Current assets/current liabilities pg 51

Calculate the ratio current year. Page________ 7266/10132=.72

Calculate the ratio for the prior year. Page_______ 8753/9501=.92

Analyze the ratio trend.

2. RETURN ON ASSETS

What is the formula? net income/avg total assets

Calculate the ratio current year. 10990/((120,232)=9.15%

Page_______19_

Calculate the ratio for the prior year. Page_______ 3642/(120,480)=3.02%

Analyze the ratio trend.

3. RECEIVABLE TURNOVER RATIO What is the formula?Net credit Sales/Average Account Receivable

Calculate the ratio current year. Page_____26&51___26232/921= 28.48

Calculate the ratio for the prior year. Page_______26487/769=34.44

Analyze the ratio trend.

Help me Analyze the ratio trend : Current Ratio, Return on Assets, and Receivable turnover.

An analysis of the most significant ratios that prove that your company is worth investing in.

National Bank has several departments that occupy both floors of a two-story building. The departmental accounting system has a single account, Building Occupancy Cost, in its ledger. The types and amounts of occupancy costs recorded in this account for the current period follow. Depreciation—Building $ 27,000 Interest—Building mortgage 40,500 Taxes—Building and land 12,000 Gas (heating) expense 3,750 Lighting expense 4,500 Maintenance expense 8,250 Total occupancy cost $ 96,000 The building has 6,000 square feet on each floor. In prior periods, the accounting manager merely divided the $96,000 occupancy cost by 12,000 square feet to find an average cost of $8 per square foot and then charged each department a building occupancy cost equal to this rate times the number of square feet that it occupied. Diane Linder manages a first-floor department that occupies 1,000 square feet, and Juan Chiro manages a second-floor department that occupies 1,800 square feet of floor space. In discussing the departmental reports, the second-floor manager questions whether using the same rate per square foot for all departments makes sense because the first-floor space is more valuable. This manager also references a recent real estate study of average local rental costs for similar space that shows first-floor space worth $30 per square foot and second-floor space worth $10 per square foot (excluding costs for heating, lighting, and maintenance). Required: 1. Allocate occupancy costs to the Linder and Chiro departments using the current allocation method. (Round cost answers to 2 decimal places.)

1.Supplier invoices are received in the accounts department via email and printed. The details are entered into the accounts payable system by the accounts payable clerk, who then stamps the invoice as processed. The computer system automatically calculates the payment due date based on the supplier's credit terms that have been entered into the system.

2.As there are only a few suppliers each week, the accounts payable clerk validates the outstanding invoices via a phone call with the production manager. The production manager has an excellent memory for what he has ordered, and the deliveries received.

3.The computer system automatically generates a weekly list of invoices due for payment. The accounts payable clerk flags the invoices for cheques to be processed as direct deposits are not used. The system does allow the user to exclude an invoice from the payment run. The accounts payable ledger and general ledger are automatically updated once the payment runs are complete

4.The cheques are forwarded to the financial controller for signature. Supporting documentation is only attached to the cheques for non-major suppliers. The financial controller calls the production manager to verify the review process (step 2) has taken place, and other payments are verified to the attached invoice. If the financial controller is not available the accounts payable clerk usually has the cheques signed by the marketing manager. The payables clerk avoids asking the CEO to sign cheques as he asks too many questions. Any supporting documentation to the cheque is signed to avoid duplicate payment.

5.Monthly statements are received from the suppliers. However, the accounts payable clerk does not believe statement reconciliations are necessary.

a-Identifies and explains ten (10) control weaknesses associated with the purchases, accounts payable and payments system outlined above

b-Identifies and explains the account balance assertions for raw material inventory and accounts payable that are most impacted by control weaknesses

c-Recommends and justifies a control improvement for each of the weaknesses identified in requirement one

Jorgansen Lighting, Inc., manufactures heavy-duty street lighting systems for municipalities. The company uses variable costing for internal management reports and absorption costing for external reports to shareholders, creditors, and the government. The company has provided the following data:
Year 1 year 2 year 3

Inventories:
Beginning (units) 210 160 180
Ending (units) 160 180 230
Variable costing net
operating income $290,000, $279,000 $250,000


The company's fixed manufacturing overhead per unit was constant at $560 for all three years.


Requirement 1:
Determine each year’s absorption costing net operating income. Present your answer in the form of a reconciliation report for year 1, 2 and 3.

Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Beginning inventories

Ending inventories

Change in inventories

Fixed manufacturing overhead in beginning inventories

Fixed manufacturing overhead in ending inventories

Fixed manufacturing overhead deferred in (released from) inventorie

Variable costing net operating income

Add (deduct) fixed manufacturing overhead cost deferred in (released from) inventory under absorption costing



Absorption costing net operating income

Requirement 2:
In Year 4, the company's variable costing net operating income was $260,000 and its absorption costing net operating income was $290,000.

(a) Did inventories increase or decrease during Year 4?


(b) How much fixed manufacturing overhead cost was deferred or released from inventory during Year 4?

Deferred or released ???
Ffixed manufacturing overhead cost $