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Calculate the pH and the equilibrium concentrations of H2C6H5O7-, HC6H5O72- and C6H5O73- in a 0.0858 M...

Calculate the pH and the equilibrium concentrations of H2C6H5O7-, HC6H5O72- and C6H5O73- in a 0.0858 M aqueous citric acid solution.

For H3C6H5O7, Ka1 = 7.4×10-3, Ka2 = 1.7×10-5, and Ka3 = 4.0×10-7

pH =
[H2C6H5O7-] = M
[HC6H5O72-] = M
[C6H5O73-] = M

Solutions

Expert Solution

                          H3C6H5O7(aq) ------------> H^+ (aq) + H2C6H5O7^- (aq)

I                        0.0858                                  0                  0

C                         -x                                        +x                 +x

E                     0.0858-x                                  +x                 +x

                       Ka1    = [H^+][H2C6H5O7^-]/[H3C6H5O7]

                     7.4*10^-3   = x*x/0.0858-x

                       7.4*10^-3 *(0.0858-x)   = x^2

                                 x   = 0.0217

                   [H^+]   = x    = 0.0217M

                   [H2C6H5O7^-]   = x    = 0.0217M

                   [H3C6H5O7]    = 0.0858-x = 0.0858-0.0217   = 0.0641M

                   PH = -log[H^+]

                         = -log0.0217   = 1.6635 >>>answer

     H2C6H5O7^- (aq) ---------------> H^+ (aq) + HC6H5O7^2- (aq)

             ka2   = [H^+][HC6H5O7^2-]/[H2C6H5O7^-]

             1.7*10^-5   = 0.0217*[HC6H5O7^2-]/0.0217

          [HC6H5O7^2-]    = 1.7*10^-5 M >>>answer

      HC6H5O7^2- (aq) -------------> C6H5O7^3-(aq) + H^+ (aq)

           ka3     = [C6H5O7^3-][H^+]/[[HC6H5O7^2-]

           4*10^-7   = [C6H5O7^3-]*0.0217/1.7*10^-5

          [C6H5O7^3-]     = 4*10^-7 *1.7*10^-5/0.0217   = 3.13*10^-10 M >>>answer


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