In: Physics
does accleration increase down an inclined plane
Moving objects have momentum . Newton's First Law of Motion says
that unless an outside force acts on an object, the object will
continue to move at its present speed and direction.
Automobiles consist of several objects, including the vehicle
itself, the passengers inside and any other loose objects in the
vehicle.
Unless the objects inside the car are restrained they will continue
moving at whatever speed the car is traveling even if the car is
stopped by a crash.
Changing or stopping an object's momentum requires a force acting
over a period of time. If momentum changes instantly, as in a car
crash, the force is very, very great! If the momentum can be
changed over a period of time, even a fraction of a second, much
less force needs to be applied with less damage or injury.
In a head-on collision, if a passenger flies into the dashboard of
a car, their momentum is instantly stopped, and serious injury is
often the result.
If the passenger is restrained by a seat-belt, their momentum is
reduced more gradually by the constant and smaller force of the
belt acting over a longer period of time. Seat-belts can reduce the
impact of a passenger to one-fifth of the impact suffered by the
body of the car.