Question

Research and explain in your words what is known as Object Oriented Programming. Then, identify two advantages of OOP for application development.

In peer replies, choose from one of the following and define the concept as part of your response.

Abstraction.

Encapsulation.

Inheritance.

Polymorphism.

Answer 1

OOP stands for Object Oriented programming .The Object Oriented Approach focuses on data rather than procedures and structures. This is a method where programming is adjusted and modeled on the basis of real life entities and processes. For example in a School library system, there are objects like book, student and processes like book issue.Object Oriented programming approach allows the programmer to create data variables or objects.

Characteristics of Object Oriented programming :

1. Programs are divided into objects.
2. Objects may communicate with each other through functions
3. Follows bottom-up approach in program design

Basic Characteristics of OOP (Object Oriented programming):

1. Objects
2. Classes
3. Data abstraction
4. Inheritance
5. Polymorphism

1. Abstraction: Abstraction means hiding internal details and showing only required details. Or we can say Abstraction refers to the act of representing essential features without including the background details or explanations

For example: When press button in TV it is on. Here user don't know it internaly working.

2. : Data encapsulation is the most important feature of a class. The data is not accessible to the outside world . They can be accessed only by those functions, which are wrapped within the class.

For Example: In TV everything wrapped up within the box.

3. Inheritance: Inheritance is the process by which objects of one class acquires the properties of objects of another class.

For Example: let us consider a class Student. And two classes : class Science_Student and class Commerce_Student all are the part of the class Student and have a Some a common properties like name, roll number etc.

4. Polymorphism : Poly means ‘many’ and morph means 'forms'.The ability to take more than one form is called as polymorphism. A Method can exhibit different behaviours in different objects of the same class. This behaviour can be dependent on the types or number of arguments or data passed to the method

For Example : - (minus) operator show two forms with different operants.

1. a-b means a is substracted from b
2. -a means a is negative.