Question

Topic 4: Central nervous system.

For the brain structure/ areas below, provide the following information

1. Location

2. General function

3. Example of when the structure/ area would be active

4. A disease/ disorder that affects the structure/ area, and why physiology dysfunction this would result in

structures/ areas (mus complete all )

• Broca area

• Primary motor cortex

• Primary somatosensory cortex

• Primary visual cortex

• Auditory association area

• Prefrontal association area

• Basal ganglia

• Pineal gland

• Medulla oblongata

Answer 1

Brocha area

It's location is Frontal part of left hemisphere of brain.

Functions; production of words and speech.

Activation during production of spoken and sign language.

Brochas Aphasia - they are unable to translate mental images and representatives to words.

Primary motor cortex;

Location : Frontal lobe of brain along a bump called precentral gyrus

Function;Motor function generates neural impulse that control excecution of movement.

Activation; During imaginary of finger movements ,in contrast to actual motor excecution.

Disorder: stroke

They will develop impaired ability to move on the opposite of their body.

Primary somatosensory cortex;

Location-post central gyrus

Function-Responsible for processing somatic sensation these sensations arise from receptors position throughout the body that are responsible for detecting touch, perception , nociception and temperature.

Activation-During coding of somatosensory information.

Disorder-results in decreased sensory thresholds,an inability to discriminate the properties of tactile stimuli or to identify objects by touch.

Primary visual cortex;

Location- posterior pole of occipital lobe

Function- highly specialised for processing information about static and moving objects and is excellent in pattern recognition.

Activation- Tactile discrimination

Disorder- causing blindness

In ability to retrieve information from those damaged areas that are associated with visual memory