Question

Describe the importance of voltage-gated channels in the conduction of an action potential.

Answer 1

Voltage gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins for various ions like Sodium, calcium, potassium and chlorine. These ions are not permeable in to the cell membrane and through this voltage gated ion channels these ions enter and leave the cell. Voltage gated ion channels are important the propagation of action potential and nerve impulse. The ion channels have various confirmation states like open, close and inactive states. All these states are varied based on the membrane potential. When there is no membrane potential the ion channels will be in the inactive state. When the membrane potential reaches a threshold membrane potential due to stimuli, the Ion channel specifically sodium ion channel opens and results in the entry of more sodium ions in to the cell. Due to the entry of sodium ions membrane potential increase and action potential is reached. Simultaneously potassium ion channels will also be opened facilitating the out flow of potassium ions. When the action potential has reached and propagated the sodium ion channel enters into the inactive state. Thus the proper opening and closing of ion channels are necessary for the harmonic conduction of action potential and nerve impulses. If the ion channel does not open or does not close in response to the varying membrane potential the whole rhythmic impulse conduction will be effected and lead to various disease state like epilepsy.