(60)A researcher hypothesized that there was an association between smoking and lung disease. The following data...

(60)A researcher hypothesized that there was an association between smoking and lung disease. The following data were observed:

Smoking Status	Disease Status
smoker	disease
smoker	disease
smoker	disease
smoker	disease
smoker	disease
smoker	disease
smoker	disease
smoker	disease
smoker	disease
smoker	disease free
smoker	disease free
smoker	disease free
non-smoker	disease
non-smoker	disease
non-smoker	disease free
non-smoker	disease free
non-smoker	disease free
non-smoker	disease free
	disease free
	disease free

1. Create a Contingency Table to represent these data
1. The Following results were obtained in R:

Pearson's Chi-Squared test with Yates' Community correction

data: smoke and disease

X-squared = 3.0387, df= 1, p-value = 0.0813

State the Null and Alternative Hypothesis

c. What is the critical Chi-square value for this test at the alpha = 0.05 level?

d. State your conclusion for this problem?

Expert Solution

orchestra answered 2 years ago

what is the association between smoking and coffee and also an association between smoking and myocardial...

what is the association between smoking and coffee and also an association between smoking and myocardial infarction.

The data in the following table show the association between cigar smoking and death from cancer...

The data in the following table show the association between cigar smoking and death from cancer for 138,033 men. Note: current cigar smoker means cigar smoker at time of death. Died From Cancer Did Not Die from Cancer Never smoked Cigars 673 124,044 Former Cigar Smoker 95 7,801 Current Cigar Smoker 151 5,269 (A) If an individual is randomly selected from this study, what is the probability that he died from cancer? (Round to three decimal places as needed.) (B)...

A researcher intended to investigate the potential association between Age Group and Smoking Status. He collected...

A researcher intended to investigate the potential association between Age Group and Smoking Status. He collected data from 575 participants. The data was summarized in Table 2. Was the data in support of a statistically significant association between Age Group and Smoking Status? The significance level was 0.05. How do you determine the expected levels in the chi test? Table . Age Group and Smoking Status Non smoker Occasional smoker Frequent smoker Younger than 35 23 45 35 35~50-years-old 33...

Researchers have been studying the association between cigarette smoking and caffeine intake and Parkinson's Disease for...

Researchers have been studying the association between cigarette smoking and caffeine intake and Parkinson's Disease for more than 40 years. The results of a study by Checkoway et al. (2002) follow: Ever having smoked cigarettes resulted with an odds ratio (OR) = 0.5 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.4, 0.8). The OR for current smokers was OR = 0.3 (95% CI: 0.1, 0.7). Among ex-smokers the OR = 0.6 (95% CI: 0.4, 0.9). Interpret the three ORs (in your own words).

(1) According to the American Lung Association, 90% of adult smokers started smoking before turning 21...

(1) According to the American Lung Association, 90% of adult smokers started smoking before turning 21 years old. Ten smokers 21 years old or older were randomly selected, and the number of smokers who started smoking before 21 is recorded. (a) State the distribution of the random variable of number of smoker of these 10 who started smoking before age 21 and its two parameters. (b) Find the probability that exactly 8 of them started smoking before 21 years of...

A retrospective study conducted in Japan in 1975 investigated the relationship between Smoking and Lung Cancer....

A retrospective study conducted in Japan in 1975 investigated the relationship between Smoking and Lung Cancer. After the study was done, the 2000 people in the sample were classified by whether the had died from Lung Cancer (LC) or not (NLC) and by whether they had been smokers (S) or non-smokers (NS) during their lifetimes. The final table produced from the sample looked like this: S NS TOTAL LC 350 150 500 NLC 624 876 1500 TOTAL 974 1026 2000...

A family researcher is interested whether there is an association between the number of siblings a...

A family researcher is interested whether there is an association between the number of siblings a person has and the number of children they have. She interviews six older adults and finds the following information. Number of Siblings Number of Children 0 1 1 1 2 1 2 0 3 3 4 3 Mean Number of Siblings = 2 Mean Number of Children = 1.5 Standard Deviation = 2 Standard Deviation = 1.5 Explain which variable more naturally plays the...

Suppose a researcher hypothesized that a relationship existed between nurses' leadership behavior and jpb satisfaction. Correlation...

Suppose a researcher hypothesized that a relationship existed between nurses' leadership behavior and jpb satisfaction. Correlation analysis revealed an r=0.60 that had a p value < 0.001. The researcher may conclude which of the following (Mak all that apply): A. The greater the leadership behavior of the nurse, the higher the degree of job satisfaction B. The data analysis demonstrated that the null hypothesis could be rejected C. A statistically significant relationship exists between nurses' leadership behavior and job satisfation...

The overall odds ratio for the association between breast cancer and smoking status is 3.7 (95%...

The overall odds ratio for the association between breast cancer and smoking status is 3.7 (95% confidence interval=2.1-5.2). a- Interpret the odds ratio and the 95% confidence interval between breast cancer and smoking status with odds ration at 3.7 [PLEASE ELABORATE] b- What do you conclude about smoking? Provide rationale [PLEASE ELABORATE]

Consider the following data from a study of the relationship between smoking status of the mother...

Consider the following data from a study of the relationship between smoking status of the mother and infant birth weight. Select the appropriate non-parametric test for data analysis and show the steps of hypothesis testing (α = 0.05). Non-smokers Ex-smokers Smoker (< ½ pack per day) Smoker (≥ ½ pack per day) 8.56 7.39 5.97 7.03 8.47 8.64 6.77 5.24 6.39 8.54 7.26 6.14 9.26 5.37 5.74 6.74 7.98 9.21 8.74 6.62 6.84 6.30 7.37 4.94 6.34 Step 1: State...

Question