Consider the following data from a study of the relationship between smoking status of the mother...

Consider the following data from a study of the relationship between smoking status of the mother and infant birth weight. Select the appropriate non-parametric test for data analysis and show the steps of hypothesis testing (α = 0.05).

Non-smokers	Ex-smokers	Smoker (< ½ pack per day)	Smoker (≥ ½ pack per day)
8.56	7.39	5.97	7.03
8.47	8.64	6.77	5.24
6.39	8.54	7.26	6.14
9.26	5.37	5.74	6.74
7.98	9.21	8.74	6.62
6.84		6.30	7.37
			4.94
			6.34

Step 1: State hypotheses

Step 2: Select the appropriate test statistic

Step 3: Set up the decision rule

Step 4: Compute the test statistic

Step 5: Write your conclusion

Expert Solution

orchestra answered 2 years ago

Data from a study investigating the relationship between smoking and aortic stenosis, a narrowing or stricture...

Data from a study investigating the relationship between smoking and aortic stenosis, a narrowing or stricture of the aorta that impedes the flow of blood to the body are available below. It is known that gender is associated with both of these variables and it is suspected that it might influence the observed relationship between them. Smoking status is saved under the variable name SMOKE, the presence of aortic stenosis under the name DISEASE, and gender under the name SEX....

Information: An Ob/Gyn collected data on the smoking status of the mother during pregnancy, and whether...

Information: An Ob/Gyn collected data on the smoking status of the mother during pregnancy, and whether the child was born premature (37 weeks or fewer of gestation). The results were as follows: Pre-mature birth status Cases Non-cases Total Smoking Status during Pregnancy Smoked 36 370 406 Never smoked 168 3396 3564 Total 204 3766 3970 (1) Calculate and interpret the odds ratio to determine if smoking throughout pregnancy is related to premature birth. (2 pts) 2) Do these data provide...

The following data have to do with the relationship between maternal smoking (# of cigarettes smoked...

The following data have to do with the relationship between maternal smoking (# of cigarettes smoked per day, which is variable X) and infant birth weight (which is variable Y). (∑X, ∑X2, ∑Y, ∑Y2, and ∑XY have already been calculated for you and are shown below in red font.) Cigarettes Per Day (X) X2 Infant Birth Weight (Y) Y2 XY 2 4 7.5 56.25 15.0 6 36 7.2 51.84 43.2 10 100 6.9 47.61 69.0 12 144 6.2 38.44 74.4 14 196 5.8 33.64 81.2 ∑X = 44 ∑X2 = 480 ∑Y = 33.6 ∑Y2 =...

Q12: The following data are from a study of the relationship between average consumption of saturated...

Q12: The following data are from a study of the relationship between average consumption of saturated fat (in grams) and cholesterol level (in milligram per hundred milliliters) of eight males: Subject 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Fat consumption (x) 55 65 50 34 43 58 72 36 Cholesterol level (y) 180 215 195 165 170 204 235 150 Below are some of the summaries of this data: ∑?=413, ∑?=1514, ????=1277.875, ????=5591.5 and ????=2536.75 (a) Compute the estimates...

The table summarizes data on smoking status and perceived risk of smoking and is consistent with...

The table summarizes data on smoking status and perceived risk of smoking and is consistent with summary quantities obtained in a Gallup Poll conducted in November 2002. Assume that it is reasonable to consider these data as representative of the U.S. adult population. Perceived Risk Smoking Status Very Harmful Somewhat Harmful Not Too Harmful Not at All Harmful Current Smoker 58 35 5 1 Former Smoker 69 20 3 2 Never Smoked 85 11 2 1 (a) What is the...

A study was conducted to investigate the relationship between maternal smoking during pregnancy and the presence...

A study was conducted to investigate the relationship between maternal smoking during pregnancy and the presence of congenital malformations in the child. Among children who suffer from an abnormality other than Down’s syndrome or an oral cleft, 32.8% have mothers who smoked during pregnancy. You wish to determine if this proportion is the same for those children born with an oral cleft. In a random sample of 27 infants with an oral cleft, 15 had mothers who smoked during pregnancy....

1. You are involved in a study of the relationship between smoking and serum cholesterol concentrations...

1. You are involved in a study of the relationship between smoking and serum cholesterol concentrations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), the following data were collected from samples of adult males who were nonsmokers, light smokers, moderate smokers, and heavy smokers. You wish to know if these data provide sufficient evidence to indicate that the four populations differ with respect to mean serum concentration of HDL-C. Let the probability of committing a type I error be 0.05. If an overall...

The following data was collected during a study to determine if there is a relationship between...

The following data was collected during a study to determine if there is a relationship between the vertical drop of the mountain and the number of trails at the resort in New York State. (1200, 30), (700, 50), (700, 24), (1500, 62), (1010, 23), (3350, 67), (400, 15), (1600, 34) a.) Generate the regression equation. b.) Determine the correlation coefficient. c.) Is there enough evidence to conclude that the slope of the regression line is not zero at the 98%...

A retrospective study conducted in Japan in 1975 investigated the relationship between Smoking and Lung Cancer....

A retrospective study conducted in Japan in 1975 investigated the relationship between Smoking and Lung Cancer. After the study was done, the 2000 people in the sample were classified by whether the had died from Lung Cancer (LC) or not (NLC) and by whether they had been smokers (S) or non-smokers (NS) during their lifetimes. The final table produced from the sample looked like this: S NS TOTAL LC 350 150 500 NLC 624 876 1500 TOTAL 974 1026 2000...

The following data represent the smoking status by level of education for people 18 years old...

The following data represent the smoking status by level of education for people 18 years old or older. Smoking Status Number of Years of Education current former never <12 159 98 196 12 148 81 150 13-15 44 29 33 16 or more 32 26 40 Test whether smoking status and level of education are independent. a. What is the expected value of the number of Former smokers and 13-15 Years of Education, if we assume that the two...

Question