Question

1. False or true that it has no relationship whatsoever to the sympathetic nervous system or to the blood pressure, the glomerular filtration rate?

2. Over production of aldosterone will lead to low blood levels of potassium, true or false?

3. Is true or false that aldosterone is released due to high blood pressure at the kidney?

4. Is true or false, that the oxyntic glands produce the pepsinogen, mucous, intrinsic factors, histamine, and HCL?

5. Is true or false that the S-cells in the small intestine produces secretin and pepsinogen?

6. Normal Reabsorption coefficient is 12.5?

Answer 1

1. False.

Neural factors like stimulation of sympathetic nervous system causes vasoconstriction thereby decreasing renal blood flow which inturn decreases glomerular filtration rate. Thus glomerular filtration rate depends on sympathetic nervous system/blood pressure.

2. True.

Overproduction of aldosterone increases Na+ and water reabsorption and promotes increased excretion of K+ and H+ from the kidney resulting in low K+ levels in the blood causing muscle weakness and fatigue.

3. False.

Aldosterone, a component of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone-System helps in increasing Na+ and water reabsorption and promoting excretion of K+ and H+ resulting increase in blood pressure. So, aldosterone is produced due to fall in blood pressure at the kidney.

4. False.

Pepsinogen is secreted by the chief cells. Mucus is secreted by the mucous cells in the stomach. Intrinsic factor and HCl are secreted by oxyntic glands where as histamine is released by Enterochromaffin like cells (ECL cells).

5. False.

S-cells in mucosa of small intestine produces secretin which increases secretion of pancreatic juice whereas pepsinogen is secreted by the peptic cells of stomach.

6. True.

Normal reabsorption/filtration coefficient is 12.5 ml/min/mmHg of filtration pressure. Filtration coefficient (Kf) is calculated by the means of product of glomerular capillary wall permeability and effective filtration surface area.