Question

What is the molecular, ionic, and net-ionic equations of each of the following equations:

1) Nitrous acid + Nickel (ll) hydroxide (s) (assume complete neutralization)

2) Hydrofluoric acid + Cobalt (lll) perchlorate ---->

3) Pottasium phosphate + ammonium chloride ---->

4) Chromium (lll) nitrate + ammonia (aqueous) ------>

Answer 1

molecular equation: must contain all species (molecular) and phases, balanced

ionic equation: must contain all ionic species reacting in aqueous ambient, balanced

net ionic equation: must contain all ions reacting no spectator ions

Q1.

HNO2(aq) + Ni(OH)2(s) --> H2O(l) + Ni(NO2)2(aq)

balance

molecular equation:

2HNO2(aq) + Ni(OH)2(s) --> 2H2O(l) + Ni(NO2)2(aq)

ionic equation:

2H+(aq) + 2NO2-(aq) + Ni(OH)2(s) --> 2H2O(l) + Ni+2(aq) + 2NO2-(aq)

net ionic

2H+(aq) + Ni(OH)2(s) --> 2H2O(l) + Ni+2(aq)  

Q2.

HF + Co(ClO4)3

HF + Co(ClO4)3 = CoF3(s) + HClO4(aq)

balance

3HF(aq) + Co(ClO4)3 = CoF3(s) + 3HClO4(aq)

ionic

NOTE: Do not split HF, since it is molecular, no100% in solution

3HF(aq) + Co+3(Aq) + 3ClO4- = CoF3(s) + 3H+(aq) + 3ClO4-(aq)

net ionic

3HF(aq) + Co+3(Aq) CoF3(s) + 3H+(aq)

Q3

molecular:

K3PO4(aq) + 3NH4Cl --> NH3(g) + H3PO4(aq) + 3KCl(aq)

ionic

K3PO4(aq) + 3NH4Cl --> NH3(g) + H3PO4(aq) + 3K+ + 3Cl-

net ionic

PO4-3(aq) + 3NH4+(aq) --> NH3(g) + H3PO4(aq)

4) Chromium (lll) nitrate + ammonia (aqueous) ------>

Cr(NO3)3 + NH4OH --> Cr(OH)3(s) + NH4NO3(aq)

balance

Cr(NO3)3 + 3NH4OH --> Cr(OH)3(s) + 3NH4NO3(aq)

ionic

Cr+3(aq) +3NO3-(aq) + 3NH4+(aq) + 3OH-(aq) --> Cr(OH)3(s) + 3NH4+(aq) +3NO3-(aq)

net ionic

Cr+3(aq) + 3OH-(aq) --> Cr(OH)3(s)