Question

On a half sheet of lined paper, choose one organ system, explain briefly how the system is hormonally controlled and identify one hormone associated with the organ system you chose.

Answer 1

ANSWER

SKELETAL SYSTEM.

The human skeleton is the internal framework of the human body. They functions as to support, movement, protection, production of blood cells, storage of minerals, and endocrine regulation.Several hormones plays major role in controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix.

• Pituitary gland secreted growth hormone (GH),controls bone growth by triggering chondrocyte proliferation in epiphyseal plates, responsible for the increasing length of long bones. GH also increases calcium retention,that enhances mineralization, and stimulates osteoblastic activity, contributes to improvebone density.
• Thyroxine, a hormone secreted by the thyroid gland results in synthesis of bone matrix and enhances osteoblastic activity .
• Sex hormones (estrogen in females, testosterone in males) during puberty promote osteoblastic activity and bone matrix production and are responsible for the growth spurt that occurs during adolescence.Conversion of the epiphyseal plate to the epiphyseal line ,thus bringing an end to the longitudinal growth of bones.
• Calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D, is produced by the kidneys and stimulates the absorption of calcium and phosphate from the digestive tract, which are necessary for resorption and mineralization of bones and teeth.

ONE HORMONE ASSOCIATED WITH SKELETAL SYSTEM - Growth Hormone

Growth hormone is an important regulator of skeletal growth.  Secreted by anterior pituitary gland,responsible for spurs growth in children and adolescents. It also helps to regulate body composition, body fluids, muscle and bone growth, sugar and fat metabolism, and possibly heart function.GH hypersecretion results in gigantism or acromegaly, and GH deficiency results in growth retardation in children and the GH deficiency syndrome in adults.