In: Anatomy and Physiology
Choose one of the organ systems and determine the
subject of homework. For the introduction part of the assignment,
you
can define the organ systems in general. Explain the organ system
of your choice in detail.
Cardiovascular system
Cardiovascular system is responsible for the production of oxygen to all tissues of body through the blood circulation. Cardiovascular system consist of heart and blood vessels. Heart is a hollow muscular organ which is situated in the middle mediasternum in the thorax. Blood vessels are responsible for carrying blood from the heart to all body tissues and from heart to diffrent body parts.
Heart
Heart is the organ which is responsible for the blood production to diffrent parts of body. Heart is situated in thethoracic cavity in between 2 lungs and above the diaphragm. Average weight is about 300gm in males and 250gm in females.
Heart consist of 4 chambers. 2 atria nad 2 ventricles.
Right atrium is receiving deoxygenated blood from body through superior and inferior venacava. Left atrium is situated in the upper left portion of heart which recieves oxygenated blood from lungs which carried into left atrium by 4 pulmonary veins.
Right ventricle form the inferior border of heart, from here the blood is taken into lungs through pulmonary arteries. Left ventricle is responsible for pumbing blood from heart to the body.
Blood supply to the heart by coronary arteries.
There are mainly 2 circulations present: Pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation.
Pulmonary circulation include the blood collected in the right ventricle is shifted into lungs through the pulmonary arteries, this are the only arteries which carry deoxygenated blood in the body. In lungs the diffusion of oxygen and carbondioxide occur and blood oxygenated. RThe oxygenated blood then transfer in to left atrium throught 4 pulmonary veins. From the left atrium the blood is shifted into the left ventricle.
Systemic circulation start from the blood is shifted into the left ventricle. From the left ventricle the blood is transported into diffrent body parts through the aorta. Aorta is divided into branches and supply all over the body parts. While the cells utilize the oxygen for activities and the waste products mainly the carbondioxide is accumulated in the blood and blood become deoxygenated. The deoxygenated blood from diffrent body parts are collected into superior and inferior venacava through veins. This venacavas opens into the right atrium and blood colected into the heart.
Both systemic and pulmonary circulation combibes to form the blood circulation.